Lecture 4: Basic Chemistry cont.

Question 0

Peptide bond

Answer 0

Joins two amino acids and removes water (dehydration synthesis).

Question 1

Amino acids

Answer 1

Are a monomer (unit) of protein. 20 varieties.

Question 2

Denaturation

Answer 2

Changes protein structure.

Question 3

Primary structure

Answer 3

Is the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.

Question 4

Secondary structure

Answer 4

Reinforced by hydrogen bonds

Question 5

Alpha helix

Answer 5

Spiral

Question 6

Beta-pleated sheet

Answer 6

Accordion

Question 7

Tertiary structure

Answer 7

Overall 3D shape, reinforced by chemical bonds between R groups. Creates functional proteins.

Question 8

Quaternary structure

Answer 8

Multiple units create functional proteins

Question 9

(Enzyme) catalyst

Answer 9

Changes the rate of a reaction

Question 10

(Enzyme) substrate

Answer 10

Molecules that binds to the enzyme

Question 11

(Enzyme) active site

Answer 11

Where substrate binds to the enzyme

Question 12

DNA

Answer 12

Genetic material found in cell nucleus. A, G, T, C.

Question 13

RNA

Answer 13

Located outside nucleus, carries out orders for protein synthesis issued by DNA. A, G, C, U (uracil).

Question 14

Adenosine triphosphate

Answer 14

Energy molecule in the body. Glucose is used in order to make ATP. 3 phosphates. ATP+h2o~ADP+P (energy is released).

Question 15

Carboxyl group

Answer 15

Carbon double bonded to oxygen and single bonded to hydroxyl

Question 16

Amino group

Answer 16

Nitrogen single bonded to hydrogen

Question 17

R group

Answer 17

Carbon or hydrogen attached to the rest of the molecule