Lecture 3: Basic Chemistry cont.

Question 0

Solute

Answer 0

Dissolved by solvent

Question 1

Solvent

Answer 1

Dissolves substances

Question 2

Hydrophilic

Answer 2

Water loving

Question 3

Hydrophobic

Answer 3

Water fearing

Question 4

Hydrolysis

Answer 4

Chemical reactions that use water to break down molecules

Question 5

Dehydration reaction

Answer 5

Remove h2o to make larger molecules

Question 6

pH scale

Answer 6

Measures the concentration of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions

Question 7

Buffers

Answer 7

Convert strong acid or base into a weaker state

Question 8

Macromolecules

Answer 8

Chain like molecules made of many similar or repeating units

Question 9

Monomers

Answer 9

Units of biological molecules

Question 10

Monosaccharides

Answer 10

Simple sugars

Question 11

Disaccharide

Answer 11

Double sugars

Question 12

Dehydration synthesis

Answer 12

Monomers joined by removal of water

Question 13

Hydrolysis reaction

Answer 13

Monomers released by the addition of water

Question 14

Polysaccharides

Answer 14

Long, branching chains of linked simple sugars

Question 15

Triglycerides

Answer 15

Neutral fats with two building blocks: fatty acids and glycerol

Question 16

Saturated fats

Answer 16

Fatty acid chains with a single covalent bond between carbon atoms

Question 17

Monounsaturated fats

Answer 17

1 double bond in a fatty acid chain

Question 18

Polyunsaturated fats

Answer 18

2+ double bonds in the fatty acid chain

Question 19

Phospholipids

Answer 19

Similar to triglycerides but have two instead of three attached fatty acids

Question 20

Steroids

Answer 20

Fat molecules formed of four interlocking rings. Cholesterol is the most important steroid molecule.