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Bio 121 > Lecture 16: Nervous System > Flashcards

Lecture 16: Nervous System Flashcards

0
Q

Graded potentials

A

Travel short distances

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1
Q

Action potentials

A

Long and short distances. Much faster.

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2
Q

Membrane potential

A

Difference in charge across membrane

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3
Q

Resting membrane potential

A

Difference between in and outside of cell. -70 mV

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4
Q

Current

A

Flow of charged particles

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5
Q

Action potentials

A

Voltage from threshold to +30 mV

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6
Q

Threshold potential

A

-55 mV

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7
Q

All or none principle

A

Nerve impulse travels over entire axon or doesn’t happen at all

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8
Q

De polarizing phase

A

Gets more positive. At threshold the voltage gated Na+ channel is open. Na+ moves in and voltage rises to +30 mV.

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9
Q

Re polarizing phase

A

Na+ channels close. K+ channels open. K+ moves out and brings membrane potential back to resting.

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10
Q

Continuous conduction

A

Un Myelinated fibers. Wave of depolarizations travels down length of axon.

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11
Q

Saltatory conduction

A

Myelinated fibers. Impulse jumps between nodes of ranvier.

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12
Q

Post synaptic potential

A

Change in membrane potential of postsynaptic terminal of a chemical synapse.

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13
Q

Amino acids

A

Aspartate: hydrogen acceptor for ATP
Glutamate: excitatory
GABA: inhibitory
Glycine: spinal cord, limb reflexes

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14
Q

Biogenic amines

A

Norepinephrine: stress hormone
Epinephrine: adrenaline
Dopamine: cognitive alertness
Serotonin: well being

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15
Q

Neuropeptides

A

Substance P: pain perception

Endorphins: pain relief

16
Q

Parts of brain

A

Brain stem: connected to SC
Cerebellum: little brain
Diencephalon: between cerebrum and brain stem
Cerebrum: large, wrinkled

17
Q

Blood brain barrier

A

Protection. Glucose and O2 can get in. Tight junctions at capillaries.

18
Q

Subarachnoid space

A

Between 1st and 2nd meninges

19
Q

Subdural space

A

Between 2nd and 3rd meninges

20
Q

Epidural space

A

Outside dura

21
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid

A

Clear liquid that carries nutrients and transports waste products

22
Q

Formation of CSF

A

Lateral ventricles-
Third ventricle-
Fourth ventricle
Choroid plexuses: capillary network where CSF is formed. Each ventricle has one.

23
Q

Medulla oblongata

A

Myelinated axons
Location of CV control center
90% of motor axons cross here

24
Q

Pons

A

Axons

Controls breathing

25
Q

Midbrain

A

Cerebral peduncles: large area of axons

Corporeal quadrigemina: reflex center for vision, hearing pathway

26
Q

Reticular activating system

A

Internal alarm clock, maintains consciousness

Bio 121 (17 decks)

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