Lecture 4 Flashcards
Not all of the risk factors for poverty end up in deliquincy. What may be the cause of differential arrest and conviction patterns?
Middle and upper class may have more resources to fight prosecution or have the social skills to negotiate the system more successfully.
What are the social risk factors for poverty?
- Lack of resources
- Racism / Discrimination
- Poor education
- Employment opportunities
What are social risk factors for peer associations?
- Peer rejections
- Social alienation
- Drug use & peers who engage in delinquent behaviours
- Temperament, attitudes, impulsivity and aggression
- Juvenile gangs
How are juvenile gangs a social risk factor?
- Family members / friends in a gang may encourage you to join
Why do some people want to join a gang?
- Power, prestige, protection, affiliation, money, entertainment.
What are two factors for greater risk for chronic antisocial behaviour?
- Chronically aggressive
- Peer rejection
What preschool experiences are considered social risk factors?
- Quality of child care
- Exposure to aggressive peers
- Consistency of child care arrangements
What are the after-school social risk factors?
- Unsupervised activity
What are social risk factors for school failure?
- Retention in the early grades
- Reading achievement
Why can single parent households be a parental social risk factor?
- Less time to monitor children
What can a single parent home do to be less of a social risk factor?
- At least one caring adult
- ## Conflict-free home
What are the parental styles that can reduce social risk factors?
- Parental attitudes towards the child (prosocial)
- Emotional climate of the parent-child relationship
What are the four parental styles?
- Authoritarian
- Permissive
- Authoritative
- Neglecting
What is the authoritarian parental style?
- Lack of flexibility
- Harsh discipline
- Very strucured
What is the permissive parental style?
- Unstructured, more hands off
- Kids are more independent
- May fall into bad peer groups
