Lecture 31

Question 1

what is type II hypersenstivity?

Answer 1

IgG/IgM mediated against cell surface ag leading to complete destruction or opsonization/phagocytosis, ADCC

binding of antibodies to their target antigens on cells and activating neutrophils causing injury

Question 2

type II hypersensitivity is also known as?

Answer 2

cytotoxic hypersensitivity

Question 3

what antibodies are mediated by a TIIH reaction?

Answer 3

IgG/IgM against cell surface Ags and also transfusion reaction

Question 4

what cells perform ADCC? cells that can also mediate ADCC?

Answer 4

NK cells

monocytes and eosinophils

Question 5

what happens when cross matching blood for transfusions and the patient plasma has antibodies (IgM) against donor RBC antigens (A or B)

in some cases what is given prior to reduce minor transfusion reactions?

Answer 5

agglutination

acetaminophen or benedryl

Question 6

what are transfusion reactions usually due to?

Answer 6

human clerical error

Question 7

treatment of acute hemolytic reaction?

Answer 7

stop transfusion
normal saline
furosemide
measure urine output

Question 8

immune complexes getting stuck in the small blood vessels of the lungs, causing vasculitis hours after the transfusion is complete.

Answer 8

TRALI

Question 9

Hemolytic disease of the newborn is a _____ hypersensitivity reaction?

how does this occur?

Answer 9

TIIH

occurs when a second Rh positive baby is born to an Rh negative mother – the mother’s antibodies cross the placenta and cause a TIIH response to baby’s RBCs.

Question 10

both a TIIH and an autoimmune disease, where autoantibodies target self-RBCs for destruction.

Answer 10

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Question 11

both a TIIH and an autoimmune disease, where autoantibodies target self-platelets.

Answer 11

Autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura

Question 12

both a TIIH and an autoimmune disease, where autoantibodies target self-desmoglein for destruction, which is the glue that maintains the epidermal natural barrier.

Answer 12

Pemphis vulgaris

Question 13

both a TIIH and an autoimmune disease, where autoantibodies target self-type IV collagen in the kidney basement membrane and lung vessel basement membrane, causing blood in urine (hematuria) and coughing up blood (hemoptysis).

Answer 13

Goodpasture’s syndrome

Question 14

both a TIIH and an autoimmune disease, where autoantibodies target self-heart valve antigens for destruction; this often occurs after group A strep infection.

Answer 14

Rheumatic fever

Question 15

a TIIH and autoantibody response against gastric parietal cells that results in B12 deficiency and anemia

Answer 15

Pernicious anemia

Question 16

a TIIH and autoimmune response against the thyroid (TSH receptors) that results in hyperthyroidism, exophthalmos, hypertension, agitation, weight loss, etc.

Answer 16

Grave’s disease

Question 17

both a TIIH and an autoimmune disease, where autoantibodies target post-synaptic acetylcholine receptors for destruction, causing weak skeletal muscles and ptosis

Answer 17

Myasthenia gravis (MG)

Question 18

both a TIIH and an autoimmune disease, where autoantibodies target presynaptic calcium voltage gated channels for destruction, resulting in a similar skeletal muscle weakness as MG, but with a different autoimmune target.

Answer 18

Lambert Eaton syndrome