Lecture 26 - Multifactorial Disease

Question 1

Multifactorial Disease Definition?

Answer 1

non-Mendelian disorders occuring in familys more often than chance alone but show no clear classical pattern of inheritance - inhertiance predispose or modify course of disease

Question 2

Pathologies of multifactorial inheritance?

Answer 2

inheritance of common alleles with low or moerate effects, genes w greater phenotypic impact when combine (polygenic trait), modifier genes, interactions among genes and epigenetic factors, gene environment interaction

Question 3

Threshold model?

Answer 3

normal dist. cure, shifts to right when family history includes more cases

Question 4

identifying multifactorial inheritance?

Answer 4

no distinct pattern, monozygotic>dizygotic, 1st degree>2nd degree relative, recurrent risk proportional to level of history as well as severity

Question 5

Analysis?

Answer 5

linkage challenging as multiple polymorphisms responsible is hard to identify

Question 6

Opportunities following gene identification?

Answer 6

advance in pathophysiology undertandng, reclassification, examine gene-environment interaction

Question 7

Patient management advances>

Answer 7

risk prediction, prevention strategies, assays for progression, drug targets

Question 8

Personalised medicine?

Answer 8

Using individual genetics to maintain health, prevent disease or improve outcomes

Question 9

Precision medicine?

Answer 9

patient’s health information accessible to scientists for discoveries in patient care

Question 10

Examples of personalised and precision medicine?

Answer 10

prevention, screening, diagnosis, prognosis, drug efficacy and drug tolerance