Lecture 12 - Tuberculosis

Question 1

TB infection?

Answer 1

inhaled, impacts in distal airway, phagocytosed by macrophage (LAM binds to complement receptor), encased in phagosome within cellresistant to lysis by lysozome, LAM prolongs cell life preventing apoptosis

Question 2

If apoptosis of infected cell is successful?

Answer 2

T cells grab porteins of antigen and present them at lymph nodes, helper T cells initiate adaptive immune response; these positive cells proliferate, follow cytokine signalling back to site of infection, granuloma formation occurs

Question 3

Miliary TB?

Answer 3

disseminated, doted lungs on x-ray

Question 4

Outcomes of primary infection?

Answer 4

Ghon’s focus, pleural, cavitation, enlargment of lymph nodes, TB bronchopneumonia, pericardial disease, miliary TB

Question 5

Sources of TB?

Answer 5

airborne, droplets, unpasteurised milk (M. Bovine)

Question 6

Diagnosing TB?

Answer 6

suspicion, chest x-ray, sputum specimens, TB PCR, TB culture

Question 7

TB cell wall?

Answer 7

Rich in fats - acid fast