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Microbiology Exam 2 > Lecture 20 > Flashcards

Lecture 20 Flashcards

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1
Q

Innate Immunity

A

Non-specific, General response to an invasion, acts immediately upon invastion

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2
Q

Adaptive Immunity

A

Takes a week or two to develop, discriminates between infecting organisms and self and non self, has memory-quicker response to reinfections

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3
Q

Self vs non-self

A

Self= itself. Non-self= foreign cell

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4
Q

Immune memory

A

Quicker response to reinfections

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5
Q

Physical Immune Barries

A

Skin, mucous membranes, normal flora

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6
Q

Gamma-delta T-cells

A

Small subset of T cells that possess a distinct T-cell receptor on their surface

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7
Q

Leukocyte

A

Granulocytes produce cytokines. Phagocytes eat pathogens

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8
Q

Granulocyte

A

Produce cytinkines

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9
Q

Cytokine

A

a diverse group of soluble proteins, peptides, or glycoproteins which act as humoral regulators or signaling molecules

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10
Q

Chemokine

A

a family of small cytokines, or signaling proteins secreted by cells.

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11
Q

Interlyukin

A

Communication between leukocytes

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12
Q

Interferon

A

proteins made and released by host cells in response to the presence of pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, parasites or tumor cells

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13
Q

Tumor necrosis factor

A

Kills tumor cells (apoptosis)

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14
Q

Phagocyte

A

Important to destroy most invading microbes

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15
Q

PMN (neutrophil)

A

he most abundant type of white blood cells in mammals and form an essential part of the innate immune system.

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16
Q

Monocyte

A

Macrophages, dendritic cells

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17
Q

Macrophage

A

Circulation

18
Q

Dendritic Cell

A

Tissues

19
Q

Lymphocyte

A

part of the adaptive immunity

20
Q

T-cell

A

Antibody production

21
Q

B-cell

A

Tc(cytoxic)- performs, Th(helper)- signalling

22
Q

NK Cell

A

Seak and destroy cells- tumor cells, infected cells

23
Q

Myeloid Lineage

A

adjective that relates to the granulocyte precursor cell in bone marrow or spinal cord, or a resemblance to the marrow or spinal cord.

24
Q

Lymphoid Lineage

A

part of the circulatory system, comprising a network of conduits called lymphatic vessels that carry a clear fluid called lymph directionally towards the heart

25
Q

Toll-like Receptors(TLR) vs RLR, NLR

A

Pattern receptors. TLR in phagocyte membranes and RLR, NLR in cytoplasm

26
Q

Pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)

A

Molecules commonly found in pathogens. Teichoic acids, tri-acyl lipopeptided, LPS, flagellin, UPEC

27
Q

Complement cascade

A

Produce cytokines which increase blood flow to the wound, cause production of adhesin molecules within capillary, and make capillary walls porous

28
Q

Pore Complex

A

“hole” in the bacterial membrane. It is inserted into foreign cells to lysis them

29
Q

Opson

A

“eat me” tag. Easier to phagocytize

30
Q

Inflammation

A

Redness, pain, swelling, loss of function

31
Q

Adhesin

A

Stick together

32
Q

Diapedesis

A

blood cells leak out

33
Q

Pyrogen

A

fever

34
Q

Hypovolemia

A

a state of decreased blood volume; more specifically, decrease in volume of blood plasma

35
Q

Septic shock

A

life-threatening low blood pressure

36
Q

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)

A

the proteins that control blood clotting become over active

37
Q

Cellular Immunity

A

an immune response that does not involve antibodies but rather involves the activation of phagocytes, antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, and the release of various cytokines in response to an antigen

38
Q

Perforin

A

Tc cells release it to kill infected cells in the body

39
Q

Apoptosis

A

Programmed cell death

40
Q

Humoral Immunity

A

the aspect of immunity that is mediated by macromolecules found in extracellular fluids such as secreted antibodies, complement proteins and certain antimicrobial peptides

41
Q

Plasma Cell

A

white blood cells that secrete large volumes of antibodies.

42
Q

Immunoglobulin (antibody)

A

a large Y-shaped protein produced by B cells that is used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects such as bacteria and viruses

Microbiology Exam 2 (11 decks)

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