Lecture 15 Flashcards
Intron/ Exon
Introns are out and introvening and exons stay in and are expressed. Introns get split off and the two exons are added together.
Spliceosome
A protein complex that recognizes junction between introns and exons, binds the two junctions and removes the intron as a loop
Ribosome
mRNA is read by a ribsome. Where the A, P, and E sites are. makes proteins
A Site/ P Site/ E Site
A site is at the 3’ end and the P site is in the middle and the E site is at the 5’ end. It makes a protein and the units shift over. A site= amino acid is added
Small subunit/ Large Subunit
The small subunit binds to the large subunit.
Codon
mRNA is read in groups of 3 nucleotides which is called a codon
Reading Frame
it reads in groups of 3s. There are 3 different ways it can be read but one one way is right.
Shine-Dalgarno sequence
It is GGAGG and it is part of the start sequence. So the promoter finds the GGAGG and then finds the next AUG and starts coding from there. Because there are less GGAGGs in the cell then AUG and AUG can be part of the coding. This is also only in Prokaryotes.
tRNA
any of a class of small, cloverleaf forms of RNA that transfer unattached amino acids in the cell cytoplasm to the ribosomes for protein synthesis.
Anticodon loop
A sequence of three adjacent nucleotides in transfer RNA that binds to a corresponding codon in messenger RNA and designates a specific amino acid during protein synthesis.
Charged tRNA
It is carrying an amino acid
Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase
The correct amino acid is added to tRNA by this. It is where the tRNA and the particular amino acid bind and form together.
Initiation Complex
It is the E, P, A sites
Elongation
Involves lots of translation factors. Uses GTP and transpeptidation and translocation
Transpeptidation
Making a peptide bond
