Lecture 2 Flashcards
A disease that is always present at low levels in a restricted area of the world is known as
an endemic disease
A mutualistic relationship exists between human hosts and
microbiota
A particular flu strain spreads easily from person-to-person and also has high mortality. Which of the following is true of this flu strain?
It has high infectivity and high virulence
Ebola epidemics occasionally occur. Where does the virus that causes Ebola “hide” in between epidemics? It is thought that bats harbor the virus, and thus bats are
a reservoir
Pathogen A has an LD50 of 1,000, and pathogen B has an LD50 of 75. Which of the following is true?
Pathogen B is more virulent than pathogen A
HIV can be transmitted via the ___________ route during sexual contact or via the ____________ route during needle sharing.
urogenital, parenteral
The human protein Transferrin sequesters iron (used for replication) away from bacteria. Transferrin attempts to interfere with which fundamental attribute of a successful pathogen?
nutrient acquisition
Walter defecates in the company restroom, does not wash his hands thoroughly, and then uses the office coffee pot, transferring bacteria onto the handle of the pot. Maria pours some coffee, and then goes to her desk to eat a muffin, ingesting some of the bacteria she picked up from the coffee pot. Which of the following is true of Maria’s bacterial infection?
The infection occurred via indirect contact
What might allow disease vectors such as mosquitoes to increase their global geographic range?
An expansion of suitable habitat due to climate change
Name the stages of infectious disease in the correct order.
incubation phase, prodromal phase, illness phase, decline phase, convalescent phase
An infection that is the result of a pathogen that was acquired in a hospital is
an Nosocomial infection
Any bacteria, virus, fungus, protozoa, or worm that causes disease is a ?
Pathogen
Ability of an organism to cause disease
Pathogenicity
Measure of the degree/severity of a disease
Virulence
Attachment definition
Microbial adhesins must bind to receptors on host surface
