Lecture 16 Flashcards
Lymphadenopathy
swelling of the lymph nodes
Lymphadenitis
inflammation of the lymph nodes
Lymphangitis
inflammation of the lymph vessels
____ are the most common cause of systemic viral infections in immunocompromised patients
Reactivated, latent herpes viruses
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) causes what?
infectious mononucleosis
Inflammation of lymphatic vessels, called ____, can produce visible red streaks under the skin
lymphangitis
A swollen lymph node is referred to as a ___, and the condition is referred to as ____.
bubo; lymphadenitis
____ is characterized by the production of excess cytokines that leads to classic signs of inflammation such as hypotension, fever, vasodilation, and edema.
Septic shock
Infectious Mononucleosis
This disease is caused by HHV-4 and results in the infection of B cells and secretion of non-specific antibodies.
Ebola
This virus causes bleeding from multiple orifices and can have a 90% mortality rate.
Plague
This disease is caused by Yersinia pestis and is mostly spread by interaction with wild or urban rodents and their fleas.
Lyme Disease
This disease is caused by the organism Borrelia burgdoferi and the vector is a tick.
Typhoid Fever
This disease is caused by a salmonella species that is spread via the fecal-oral route.
Malaria
This disease is caused by Plasmodium s.p.p., spread by mosquitos, and results in cells in the liver and bloodstream being affected.
Chaga’s Disease
The disease is caused by the organism Trypanosoma cruzi and is spread by the Reduviid bug.
Toxoplasmosis
Humans can contract this disease by coming into contact with contaminated fecal oocytes in cat litter.
Cytomegalovirus (HHV-5) can cause serious ____.
congenital infections
Epstein-Barr virus (HHV-4) is associated with ___ and ___.
infectious mononucleosis and Burkitt lymphoma
____ is a tropical disease transmitted by triatomine bugs.
Chagas disease
Which term refers to an inflammation of the
blood vessels?
A) lymphangitis
B) endocarditis
C) pericarditis
D) vasculitis
D) vasculitis
Which of the following is located in the interstitial spaces within tissues and releases nutrients, immune factors, and oxygen to those tissues?
A) lymphatics
B) arterioles
C) capillaries
D) veins
C) capillaries
Which of these conditions results in the formation of a bubo?
A) lymphangitis
B) lymphadenitis
C) ischemia
D) vasculitis
B) lymphadenitis
Which of the following is where most microbes are filtered out of the fluids that accumulate in the body tissues?
A) spleen
B) lymph nodes
C) pericardium
D) blood capillaries
B) lymph nodes
Which of the following diseases is transmitted by body lice?
A) tularemia
B) bubonic plague
C) murine typhus
D) epidemic typhus
D) epidemic typhus
What disease is most associated with Clostridium perfringens?
A) endocarditis
B) osteomyelitis
C) gas gangrene
D) rat bite fever
C) gas gangrene
Which bacterial pathogen causes plague?
A) Yersinia pestis
B) Bacillus moniliformis
C) Bartonella quintana
D) Rickettsia rickettsii
A) Yersinia pestis
Which of the following viruses is most widespread in the human population?
A) human immunodeficiency virus
B) Ebola virus
C) Epstein-Barr virus
D) hantavirus
C) Epstein-Barr virus
Which of the following diseases is caused by a helminth?
A) leishmaniasis
B) malaria
C) Chagas disease
D) schistosomiasis
D) schistosomiasis
Which of the following is a causative agent of malaria?
A) Trypanosoma cruzi
B) Toxoplasma gondii
C) Plasmodium falciparum
D) Schistosoma mansoni
C) Plasmodium falciparum
Which of the following diseases does not involve an arthropod vector?
A) schistosomiasis
B) malaria
C) Chagas disease
D) babesiosis
A) schistosomiasis
Vasculitis can cause blood to leak from damaged vessels, forming purple spots called _____.
petechiae
The lymph reenters the vascular circulation at ____.
the subclavian veins
Lyme disease is characterized by a(n) ____ that forms at the site of infection.
bull’s eye rash
_____ refers to a loss of blood pressure resulting from a system-wide infection.
Septic shock
____ is a cancer that forms in patients with HHV-4 and malaria co-infections.
Burkitt lymphoma
____ are transmitted by vectors such as ticks or mosquitoes.
Arboviruses
Infectious mononucleosis is caused by ____ infections.
Epstein-Barr virus
The kissing bug is the biological vector for ____.
Chagas disease
Septicemia
A pathogen that has entered our bloodstream and overcome our innate defensive mechanisms and replicates (e.g. bacteremia)
Sepsis
Occurs when chemicals released into the bloodstream to fight the infection trigger inflammatory responses throughout the body
Septic shock
Catastrophic drop in blood pressure (hypotension) due to severe sepsis. Excessive coagulation causes clotting of small blood vessels throughout the body.
