Lecture 16

Question 1

Lymphadenopathy

Answer 1

swelling of the lymph nodes

Question 2

Lymphadenitis

Answer 2

inflammation of the lymph nodes

Question 3

Lymphangitis

Answer 3

inflammation of the lymph vessels

Question 4

____ are the most common cause of systemic viral infections in immunocompromised patients

Answer 4

Reactivated, latent herpes viruses

Question 5

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) causes what?

Answer 5

infectious mononucleosis

Question 6

Inflammation of lymphatic vessels, called ____, can produce visible red streaks under the skin

Answer 6

lymphangitis

Question 7

A swollen lymph node is referred to as a ___, and the condition is referred to as ____.

Answer 7

bubo; lymphadenitis

Question 8

____ is characterized by the production of excess cytokines that leads to classic signs of inflammation such as hypotension, fever, vasodilation, and edema.

Answer 8

Septic shock

Question 9

Infectious Mononucleosis

Answer 9

This disease is caused by HHV-4 and results in the infection of B cells and secretion of non-specific antibodies.

Question 10

Ebola

Answer 10

This virus causes bleeding from multiple orifices and can have a 90% mortality rate.

Question 11

Plague

Answer 11

This disease is caused by Yersinia pestis and is mostly spread by interaction with wild or urban rodents and their fleas.

Question 12

Lyme Disease

Answer 12

This disease is caused by the organism Borrelia burgdoferi and the vector is a tick.

Question 13

Typhoid Fever

Answer 13

This disease is caused by a salmonella species that is spread via the fecal-oral route.

Question 14

Malaria

Answer 14

This disease is caused by Plasmodium s.p.p., spread by mosquitos, and results in cells in the liver and bloodstream being affected.

Question 15

Chaga’s Disease

Answer 15

The disease is caused by the organism Trypanosoma cruzi and is spread by the Reduviid bug.

Question 16

Toxoplasmosis

Answer 16

Humans can contract this disease by coming into contact with contaminated fecal oocytes in cat litter.

Question 17

Cytomegalovirus (HHV-5) can cause serious ____.

Answer 17

congenital infections

Question 18

Epstein-Barr virus (HHV-4) is associated with ___ and ___.

Answer 18

infectious mononucleosis and Burkitt lymphoma

Question 19

____ is a tropical disease transmitted by triatomine bugs.

Answer 19

Chagas disease

Question 20

Which term refers to an inflammation of the
blood vessels?

A) lymphangitis
B) endocarditis
C) pericarditis
D) vasculitis

Answer 20

D) vasculitis

Question 21

Which of the following is located in the interstitial spaces within tissues and releases nutrients, immune factors, and oxygen to those tissues?

A) lymphatics
B) arterioles
C) capillaries
D) veins

Answer 21

C) capillaries

Question 22

Which of these conditions results in the formation of a bubo?

A) lymphangitis
B) lymphadenitis
C) ischemia
D) vasculitis

Answer 22

B) lymphadenitis

Question 23

Which of the following is where most microbes are filtered out of the fluids that accumulate in the body tissues?

A) spleen
B) lymph nodes
C) pericardium
D) blood capillaries

Answer 23

B) lymph nodes

Question 24

Which of the following diseases is transmitted by body lice?

A) tularemia
B) bubonic plague
C) murine typhus
D) epidemic typhus

Answer 24

D) epidemic typhus

Question 25

What disease is most associated with Clostridium perfringens?

A) endocarditis
B) osteomyelitis
C) gas gangrene
D) rat bite fever

Answer 25

C) gas gangrene

Question 26

Which bacterial pathogen causes plague?

A) Yersinia pestis
B) Bacillus moniliformis
C) Bartonella quintana
D) Rickettsia rickettsii

Answer 26

A) Yersinia pestis

Question 27

Which of the following viruses is most widespread in the human population?

A) human immunodeficiency virus
B) Ebola virus
C) Epstein-Barr virus
D) hantavirus

Answer 27

C) Epstein-Barr virus

Question 28

Which of the following diseases is caused by a helminth?

A) leishmaniasis
B) malaria
C) Chagas disease
D) schistosomiasis

Answer 28

D) schistosomiasis

Question 29

Which of the following is a causative agent of malaria?

A) Trypanosoma cruzi
B) Toxoplasma gondii
C) Plasmodium falciparum
D) Schistosoma mansoni

Answer 29

C) Plasmodium falciparum

Question 30

Which of the following diseases does not involve an arthropod vector?

A) schistosomiasis
B) malaria
C) Chagas disease
D) babesiosis

Answer 30

A) schistosomiasis

Question 31

Vasculitis can cause blood to leak from damaged vessels, forming purple spots called _____.

Answer 31

petechiae

Question 32

The lymph reenters the vascular circulation at ____.

Answer 32

the subclavian veins

Question 33

Lyme disease is characterized by a(n) ____ that forms at the site of infection.

Answer 33

bull’s eye rash

Question 34

_____ refers to a loss of blood pressure resulting from a system-wide infection.

Answer 34

Septic shock

Question 35

____ is a cancer that forms in patients with HHV-4 and malaria co-infections.

Answer 35

Burkitt lymphoma

Question 36

____ are transmitted by vectors such as ticks or mosquitoes.

Answer 36

Arboviruses

Question 37

Infectious mononucleosis is caused by ____ infections.

Answer 37

Epstein-Barr virus

Question 38

The kissing bug is the biological vector for ____.

Answer 38

Chagas disease

Question 39

Septicemia

Answer 39

A pathogen that has entered our bloodstream and overcome our innate defensive mechanisms and replicates (e.g. bacteremia)

Question 40

Sepsis

Answer 40

Occurs when chemicals released into the bloodstream to fight the infection trigger inflammatory responses throughout the body

Question 41

Septic shock

Answer 41

Catastrophic drop in blood pressure (hypotension) due to severe sepsis. Excessive coagulation causes clotting of small blood vessels throughout the body.