Lecture 18 Flashcards
What is the job of our urinary tract?
The urinary tract removes waste and any excess water and electrolytes from the bloodstream and then expels the product: urine.
___ is the most common nosocomial infection.
UTI
There are two types of urinary tract infections:
bladder infections (cystitis) kidney infections (pyelonephritis)
____ causes most hospital acquired UTIs .
Escherichia coli
Which of the following is an anatomical reason why women get urinary tract infections more often than men?
A) The distance between the anus and vagina is only half as long in women.
B) Women tend to get descending infections (kidneys to urethra) at higher rates than men.
C) Males urinate less frequently than females.
D) The testicles serve as a barrier to transfer pathogens from the anus.
A) The distance between the anus and vagina is only half as long in women.
What is the name for inflammation of the kidneys?
Pyelonephritis
The three methods of a urinalysis are:
1) color and clarity
2) microscopic examination
3) biochemical studies
Genital warts
This disease is caused by HPV and some strains can cause cervical cancer in women.
Genital herpes
This disease is caused by HSV 1 or 2 and is characterized by a latent period in the nerves at the base of the spine
HIV
This disease is characterized by a virus that infects CD4+ T cells, which eventually leads to an immunodeficiency syndrome
Syphallis
Caused by Treponema pallidum and involves stages that can end with gummas, dementia, and aortic aneurysms
Gonorrhea
Commonly referred to as “The Clap” and causes urethritis with a yellowish, white discharge
Nongonococcal Urethritis
This disease can be caused by Chlamydia trachomotis and results in a urethritis that presents as a waxy discharge
____ is the most commonly reported STI and is caused by C. trachomatis.
Chlamydia
____ is caused by T. pallidum and has three stages, primary, secondary, and tertiary.
Syphilis
What part of the male urogenital tract is shared by the urinary and reproductive systems?
A) the prostate gland
B) the seminal vesicles
C) the vas deferens
D) the urethra
D) the urethra
A strain of bacteria associated with a bladder infection shows gram-negative rods. What species is most likely to be the causative agent?
A) Mycoplasma hominis
B) Escherichia coli
C) Neisseria gonorrhoeae
D) Chlamydia trachomatis
B) Escherichia coli
The latent stage of syphilis, which may last for years, can occur between:
A) the secondary and tertiary stages.
B) the primary and secondary stages.
C) initial infection and the primary stage.
D) any of the three stages.
A) the secondary and tertiary stages.
What is the only common infection of the reproductive tract caused by a protozoan?
A) gonorrhea
B) chlamydia
C) trichomoniasis
D) candidiasis
C) trichomoniasis
The genus of bacteria found in the vagina that is important in maintaining a healthy environment, including an acidic pH, is ____.
Lactobacillus
Soft chancres on the genitals are characteristic of the sexually transmitted disease known as ____.
chancroid
The most common Candida species associated with yeast infections is ____.
C. albicans
Trichomoniasis is caused by ____.
Trichomonas vaginalis
