Lecture 18

Question 1

What is the job of our urinary tract?

Answer 1

The urinary tract removes waste and any excess water and electrolytes from the bloodstream and then expels the product: urine.

Question 2

___ is the most common nosocomial infection.

Answer 2

UTI

Question 3

There are two types of urinary tract infections:

Answer 3

bladder infections (cystitis)
kidney infections (pyelonephritis)

Question 4

____ causes most hospital acquired UTIs .

Answer 4

Escherichia coli

Question 5

Which of the following is an anatomical reason why women get urinary tract infections more often than men?

A) The distance between the anus and vagina is only half as long in women.
B) Women tend to get descending infections (kidneys to urethra) at higher rates than men.
C) Males urinate less frequently than females.
D) The testicles serve as a barrier to transfer pathogens from the anus.

Answer 5

A) The distance between the anus and vagina is only half as long in women.

Question 6

What is the name for inflammation of the kidneys?

Answer 6

Pyelonephritis

Question 7

The three methods of a urinalysis are:

Answer 7

1) color and clarity
2) microscopic examination
3) biochemical studies

Question 8

Genital warts

Answer 8

This disease is caused by HPV and some strains can cause cervical cancer in women.

Question 9

Genital herpes

Answer 9

This disease is caused by HSV 1 or 2 and is characterized by a latent period in the nerves at the base of the spine

Question 10

HIV

Answer 10

This disease is characterized by a virus that infects CD4+ T cells, which eventually leads to an immunodeficiency syndrome

Question 11

Syphallis

Answer 11

Caused by Treponema pallidum and involves stages that can end with gummas, dementia, and aortic aneurysms

Question 12

Gonorrhea

Answer 12

Commonly referred to as “The Clap” and causes urethritis with a yellowish, white discharge

Question 13

Nongonococcal Urethritis

Answer 13

This disease can be caused by Chlamydia trachomotis and results in a urethritis that presents as a waxy discharge

Question 14

____ is the most commonly reported STI and is caused by C. trachomatis.

Answer 14

Chlamydia

Question 15

____ is caused by T. pallidum and has three stages, primary, secondary, and tertiary.

Answer 15

Syphilis

Question 16

What part of the male urogenital tract is shared by the urinary and reproductive systems?

A) the prostate gland
B) the seminal vesicles
C) the vas deferens
D) the urethra

Answer 16

D) the urethra

Question 17

A strain of bacteria associated with a bladder infection shows gram-negative rods. What species is most likely to be the causative agent?

A) Mycoplasma hominis
B) Escherichia coli
C) Neisseria gonorrhoeae
D) Chlamydia trachomatis

Answer 17

B) Escherichia coli

Question 18

The latent stage of syphilis, which may last for years, can occur between:

A) the secondary and tertiary stages.
B) the primary and secondary stages.
C) initial infection and the primary stage.
D) any of the three stages.

Answer 18

A) the secondary and tertiary stages.

Question 19

What is the only common infection of the reproductive tract caused by a protozoan?

A) gonorrhea
B) chlamydia
C) trichomoniasis
D) candidiasis

Answer 19

C) trichomoniasis

Question 20

The genus of bacteria found in the vagina that is important in maintaining a healthy environment, including an acidic pH, is ____.

Answer 20

Lactobacillus

Question 21

Soft chancres on the genitals are characteristic of the sexually transmitted disease known as ____.

Answer 21

chancroid

Question 22

The most common Candida species associated with yeast infections is ____.

Answer 22

C. albicans

Question 23

Trichomoniasis is caused by ____.

Answer 23

Trichomonas vaginalis