Lecture 1

Question 1

Which of the following correctly describes a microbe?

Answer 1

Microbes are living organisms that require a microscope to be seen

Question 2

What is incorrect about the way the following genus and species is stated?

Staphylococcus Aureus

Answer 2

The species should not be capitalized.

Question 3

Which of the following correctly explains how archaea differ from bacteria and eukaryotes?

Answer 3

Archaea are not capable of pathogenesis

Question 4

Who was the first individual to observe cells?

Answer 4

Robert Hooke

Question 5

Who is credited with producing the strongest early microscope?

Answer 5

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a eukaryote?

A) Protozoa
B) Archaea
C) Protists
D) Algae

Answer 6

Archaea

Archaea are one of the three domains of life, along with Bacteria and Eukarya, which contains the eukaryotes. So they are not classified as eukaryotes, while the other three answer choices are

Question 7

Which of the following is a potential problem with satisfying Koch’s third postulate in practice?

Answer 7

Some disease-causing microorganisms only cause infection in humans, so no animal models are available, which could lead to ethical concerns

Question 8

According to the endosymbiotic origin of eukaryotic cells, the ancestor of the chloroplast is a ________.

Answer 8

photosynthetic bacterium

Question 9

The structure of DNA was discovered using ___________.

Answer 9

X-ray crystallography

Question 10

Mycology is the study of ?

Answer 10

Fungus

Question 11

Phycology is the study of ?

Answer 11

Algae

Question 12

Who developed the system for naming organisms in 1735?

Answer 12

Carolus Linnaeus

Question 13

What are the 3 domains of organism classification?

Answer 13

1. Bacteria
2. Archaea
3. Eukarya

Question 14

What are 4 types of Eukarya?

Answer 14

1. Protozoa- single cell parasite
2. Algae- base of food web, cellulose walls
3. Fungi- non-motile, heterotrophic (eats other animals/plants for nutrients)
4. Virus- noncellular DNA or RNA

Question 15

What is the difference between eukaryotes and prokaryotes?

Answer 15

Prokaryotes are single cell organisms without a nucleus; Eukaryotes have a membrane bound nucleus

Question 16

What did Robert Hooke build?

Answer 16

The first compound microscope

Question 17

What did Rober Hooke publish?

Answer 17

The first microscopic pictures in Micrographia

Question 18

What did Robert Hooke name the distinct units from a slice of cork?

Answer 18

Cells

Question 19

Who observed bacteria with the first modern single lens microscope?

Answer 19

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

Question 20

What are Koch’s postulates?

Answer 20

1. Microbe found in cases of disease, but absent from healthy animals.
2. Microbe isolated and grown in a pure culture.
3. When introduced to a healthy host, the same disease occurs.
4. The same strain of microbe is obtained from newly diseased host.

Question 21

What is symbiosis?

Answer 21

Microbes don’t live alone, but work together.

Question 22

What developed from “respiring” prokaryotes and given a home in a protist pre-eukaryotic cell?

Answer 22

Mitochondria

Question 23

Protist that took up chloroplast became what?

Answer 23

Plants and algae

Question 24

Who revealed the double helix structure of DNA?

Answer 24

Rosalind Franklin

Question 25

Who were the first to understand the paired DNA bases?

Answer 25

James Watson and Francis Crick

Question 26

____ was one of the first to articulate the theory of spontaneous generation.

Answer 26

Aristotle

Question 27

____ was one of the first to refute spontaneous generation by conducting experiments using meat in jars.

Answer 27

Francesco Redi

Question 28

How did Pasteur’s flask prove biogenesis over spontaneous generation?

Answer 28

The swan-necked flask allowed outside air to enter, but not airborne microbes