Lecture 1B Flashcards
What are the three manifestations of pericarditis? Which membrane (visceral/parietal) is inflamed?
- Chest pain 2. Friction Rub 3.ECG change…Mostly the parietal pericarditits is inflamed… but both are technically inflamed
What is the accumulation of excess fluid in the pericardial sac?
Pericardial Effusion
What is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatic fever, and a variety of viral infections. It is characterized by production of a CLEAR, straw-colored, protein-rich exudate containing small numbers of inflammatory cells?
Serous Pericarditis
What is characterized by a fibrin-rich exudate. It may be caused by uremia, myocardial infarction, or acute rheumatic fever?
Fibrinous pericarditis
What is is characterized by a grossly CLOUDY exudate. It is almost always caused by BACTERIAL infection?
Purulent Pericarditis
What is characterized by a BLOODY exudate. It usually results from tumor invasion of the pericardium, but can also result from tuberculosis or other bacterial infections?
Hemorrhagic Pericarditis
What is the increase in pericardial sac pressure caused by an accumulation of fluid or blood in the pericardial sac? IT NEEDS A NEEDLE TO THE HEART in the ER!
Cardiac Tamponade
What is the procedure of taking the ole needle to the pericardial sac to drain fluid?
Peri-Cardio-Centesis
What atet the two major forms of myocardial disease?
MyoCarditis and Primary Cardiomyopathies
What is inflammation of the heart muscle W/O evidence of a M.I.?
Myocarditis
What is the #1 cause of mhocarditis?
Viral (w/drugs and autoimmune following)
What usually presents as biventricular heart failure in young persons who do not have valvular, rheumatic, or congenital heart disease?
Myocarditis
What are the three types of CardioMyoPathies? Which one did Channing Frye have? What is the most common?
1.Dilated (C.Frye & Most common!) 2.HyperTrophic 3.Restrictive
What does the apex of the heart look like with dilated cardiomyopathy?
Nice big round apex instead of a v shape
What is the most common manifestation of dilated cardiomyopathy?
heart failure
What are the three causes for dilated cardiomyopathy?
1.Idiopathic :) 2.Infectious Myocarditis 3.Alcohol
Which cardiomyopathy is characterized by ventricular hypertrophy and impaired diastolic ventricular filling?
HyperTrophic CardioMyoPathy
Which cardiomyotrophy is often inherited as an autosomal dominant characteristic; several genes have been implicated in the genesis of this disorder?
HyperTrophic CardioMyoPathy
Which cardioMyoPathy manifests itself often unexpectedly in young athletes?
HyperTrophic CardioMyoPathy
What is the least common of the cardiomyopathies?
Restricive CardioMyoPathy
Which cardiomyopathy is caused by ventricular filling is restricted because of excessive rigidity and stiffness of the ventricular walls?
Restrictive CardioMyoPathy
What are the causes for restrictive cardiomyopathy?
Unknown.. HA gotcha!
What are the two factors to develop infective endocarditis? What is the main bacterium that causes endocarditis? Bringing it all together!
- A “damaged”/compromised surface 2.A portal of entry for the pathogen…Staph Aureus is 50% of cases!
Can you still develop endocarditis without preexisting damage?
Yes, IV drug users are susceptible to endocarditits
