Lecture 17 - Fractures

Question 1

What is the 2 main components of bone structure

Answer 1

Question 1

What does spongy bone contain?

Answer 1

Red and yellow marrow

Question 2

In collagen formation what is the difference between lamellar and woven bone?

Answer 2

Question 3

What are 4 characteristics of bone healing

Answer 3

Question 4

What are the 2 methods of fractures?

Answer 4

Question 5

What is the role of osteoporosis in causing fractures

Answer 5

NOTE: Trabeculae breaks down during osteoporosis and that’s where the red blood cells are made

Question 6

Difference between osteoporotic and normal bone?

Answer 6

Osteoporotic is more porous
NOTE: Trabeculae in photo

Question 7

What are the 5 primary weight bearing definitions

Answer 7

Question 8

What are some precautions for a total hip arthroplasty?

Answer 8

1. No hip flexion passed 90 degrees (hip instability) -> no putting lotion on or putting on shoes
2. no IR and flexion also, no extremes of rotation (IR or ER)
3. cannot cross legs across midline (adduction), can teach how to use an adductor pillow

Question 9

What are some post-op considerations for management and discharge planning

Answer 9

Question 10

What are some discharge destinations for patients out of acute care?

Answer 10

Question 11

What is an open fracture?

Answer 11

Question 12

What is a closed fracture?

Answer 12

Question 13

What is a displaced fracture

Answer 13

Question 14

What is an nondisplaced fracture

Answer 14

Question 15

What are types of fracture patterns?

Answer 15

Question 16

Whats a vertebral compression fracture

Answer 16

Impact type of fracture that is an anterior wedge (back flexion) most commonly (in back extension it would be posterior wedge). Weight from above and below comes together and the bone cannot resist those forces resulting in a fracture

Question 17

What is the difference between an incomplete, complete, and comminuted fracture?

Answer 17

Question 18

What are 4 methods for non-surgical stabilization post-fracture

Answer 18

Question 19

What are 3 methods of surgical healing post-fracture

Answer 19

Question 20

Intramedullary Nailing

Answer 20

Placed in the inner medullary canal

Question 21

External fixation

Answer 21

Question 22

Internal Fixation

Answer 22

Question 23

What are the 4 stages of fracture healing

Answer 23

Question 24

Why is it important to know the stage of fracture healing for an Acute Care PT

Answer 24

Question 25

Should you do resisted testing over an area of poor bone quality?

Answer 25

NO

Question 26

Should PT’s consider an OR report

Answer 26

Yes, important to inform clinical decision making and reasoning behind why protocols are in place for each patient

Question 27

What are some general complications from a fracture

Answer 27

Question 28

What are some complications following a fracture

Answer 28

Question 29

What are some hip fracture complications

Answer 29

Question 30

Osteolytic vs osteoblastic metastases

Answer 30

Question 31

What are some types of lesions (bone metastases)?

Answer 31

Question 32

What are some surgical considerations in terms of fractures (metastasis)

Answer 32

Question 33

What are the effects of bone metastases?

Answer 33

Question 34

What are 2 important considerations for PT’s in terms of bone metastasis

Answer 34

Question 35

What is the WB stats decision making based on metastasis

Answer 35

Question 36

What are precautions for physiotherapy and spinal metastases

Answer 36

Question 37

What are precautions for physiotherapy for long bones with mets

Answer 37