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PT9121 - Acute Care 1 > Lecture 15 - Amputations > Flashcards

Lecture 15 - Amputations Flashcards

1
Q

What are common causes of limb loss

A
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2
Q

Residual limb

A

Remaining part of limb after an amputation

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3
Q

Remaining Limb

A

Unaffected leg

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4
Q

Amputation

A

Loss or removal of a portion or entire limb by dividing through one or more bones

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5
Q

Disarticulation

A

Removal of a limb between joint surfaces

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6
Q

Partial Toe (Amputation)

A
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7
Q

Ray Resection (Amputation)

A
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8
Q

Trans metatarsal (Amputation)

A
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9
Q

Ankle Disarticulation (Symes -> Amputation)

A
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10
Q

Transtibial (BKA -> Amputation)

A
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11
Q

Transfemoral (AKA -> Amputation)

A
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12
Q

Hip Disarticulation (Amputation)

A
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13
Q

Hemipelvectomy (Amputation)

A
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14
Q

Hemicorporectomy (Amputation)

A
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15
Q

What are the 2 most common LE amputations?

A

Circled in red

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16
Q

Compare transtibial (BKA) and Syme’s (Ankle disarticulation) amputation in terms of lever length, shape, healing rate, and end weightbearing

A

Note: Cylindrical is better for prosthesis

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17
Q

Name some UE amputation

A
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18
Q

What is a forequarter (interscapulothoracic) amputation

A

Amputation that is very rarely performed (only malignancies) that takes the entire UE including scapula and clavicle

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19
Q

Osseointegration

A

Metal implant that attaches to femur that prevents rubbing and irritation on butt and groin area = much more comfortable and can feel the ground and vibrations

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20
Q

Rotationplasty

A

Cut off bad part of leg (most of it) and rotate foot/ankle and reattach to upper thigh, then can attach prosthetic to foot and gives them the benefit of it being easier for a prosthetic and for them to keep their sensation in their foot

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21
Q

Open amputation

A

Wound left open to allow for clearance of infection

NOTE: Black dressing = put over open wound hooked up with hose to portable vacuum to stimulate granulate tissue to help with healing

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22
Q

Closed amputation

A

Skin flaps are closed

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23
Q

What factors determine the level of amputation

A
  1. Patient history
  2. surgeons clinical exam
  3. Surgeon’s knowledge/preference
  4. Interoperative tissue condition
  5. Tissue viability
  6. Infection
  7. Function
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24
Q

What are 3 surgical goals of amputation

A
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25
What are 4 methods of muscle closure after amputation
26
What happens to the skin after amputation
27
What happens to the bone after amputation
28
What happens to the nerves after amputation
29
What happens to the blood vessels after amputation
30
What is the course in hospital after minor amputation
31
Is it important to maintain heel weight bearing status and why or why not?
Yes for adequate knee and ankle ROM
32
Name 3 options to maintain heel weight bearing status
33
What sound dont you want to here from a darco boot?
-Clicking sound means coming forward on toes which you don’t want to do
34
What are the 3 phases of post-op care for BKA and AKA
35
What are post-surgical goals for BKA and AKA (8)
36
What are causes of edema following amputation?
37
What are complications of edema following amputation
38
What are methods to control edema
39
What are types of dressings to use after amputation (5)
40
Soft dressings, pros, and cons
41
Semi-rigid dressings, pros, and cons
42
Rigid dressings, pros, and cons
43
What are 3 methods of compression and limb shaping following amputation
44
How should tubigrip be applied for BKA
Below knee amputation up to mid thigh -> need it snug up to bottom and not to pucker
45
How should tubigrip be applied for AKA
46
How should tensor wrap be applied for BKA
Make sure pressure is consistent throughout
47
How should tensor wrap be applied for AKA
Make sure pressure is consistent throughout
48
What are removable rigid dressings, and there pros and cons
49
What is an immediate post-op prosthesis and its pros and cons
50
What are key focuses of positioning following amputation
51
What are common contracture for above knee amputations (AKA)
52
What are common contracture for below knee amputations (BKA)
53
What are the implications of contractures following amputations
54
Why do contractures occur following amputation
55
What are methods to prevent contractures
56
Should you avoid putting a pillow under the limb of an amputation
Yes, it Encourages knee and hip flexion -> do not want that as we want the leg to be flat and straight
57
What are some ROM and strengthening exercises focusses for amputation
-Residual limb just doing gentle ROM no strength training at this type
58
What is the cause of residual limb pain and some methods to treat it
59
Should we use cryotherapy for the vascular amputation population?
NO -> Neuropathy = cannot feel the cryotherapy and also we want to encourage blood flow to the area to enhance healing so adding ice inhibits blood flow and therefore the healing process
60
Phantom sensation
feeling or tickling after limb is removed = normal (body is adjusting to surgery)
61
Phantom pain
burning sharp shooting pain (again body is adjusting to surgery = less common though)
62
What are typical reported feelings for phantom lib sensations and some consequences
63
What are some solutions to resolve phantom limb sensation?
64
What are different types of mobility for amputees
65
What happens to the center of mass following an amputation
Also because they loss mass from amputation (look at image in first part)
66
How does a centre of mass shift impact bed mobility, transfers, balance, ambulation, and safety?
67
Methods for bed mobility and supine to sit for amputees
68
Methods for balance training for amputees
69
Methods for transfer training for amputees
70
What is the importance of manual wheelchair propulsion
71
When is ambulation/stair training performed for amputees
72
Should hopping be performed by amputees and what would some potential complications be and methods to reduce fall risk?
It depends
73
What is the course in a hospital following a major amputation

PT9121 - Acute Care 1 (40 decks)

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