Lab 1 - Surface Anatomy Flashcards
How many ribs and intercostal spaces do you count anteriorly?
6 (10 with cartilage)
What ribs form the costal margins anteriorly
7-10
What is the difference between true and false ribs
True ribs attach to the sternum
What is the lowest palpable rib posteriorly?
12 (have to be near vertebrae to palpate)
**Rib 11 you will feel more laterally
What is the sternal reflection
Anytime the pleura turns corners and because a new section of pleura (changes names)
What is a recess
A space that the lung does not occupy (potential space for lung to move into as it expands)
What recess/reflection is found behind the sternum?
Costomedialstinal reflection/recess: Lingual lobe slide in and out of costomedialstinal
What recess/reflection makes up the costal reflection (left and right lateral side of the lungs)
Costodiaphragmatic recess
What are the imaginary lines used to landmark the chest
Where would you find the apex of the lung
Apex extends one inch above medial end of clavicle
Where would you find the anterior border of the lung
Vertical on right, cardiac notch on left
Where would you find the inferior border of the lung?
Xiphisternum to sixth rib (in mid clavicular line) to eight rib (in mid axillary line) to tenth rib (in mid scapular line) to one inch lateral to T10 vertebrae
Where would you find the posterior border of the lungs
Lies beside the vertebral column
What are the 5 thoracic landmarks of the right lung
1) Upper lobe: extends from one inch above medial end of clavicle to the 4th rib (horizontal fissure)
2) Horizontal Fissure: Divides the right upper lobe and right middle lobe along the 4th rib
3) Middle Lobe: Between the horizontal fissure (4th rib) and the oblique fissure (6th rib) anteriorly
4) Oblique Fissure: Runs between the middle and lower lobes along the 6th rib anteriorly (Starts between T2 and T4 posteriorly, angles toward the medial border of the scapula to the 5ht rib (mid-axillary line) then to the 6th costal cartilage anteriorly)
5) Lower Lobe: Found below oblique fissure (6th rib anteriorly and T2 posteriorly); goes down to approx 10th rib posteriorly
What are the 3 thoracic landmarks of the left lung
1) upper lobe: Extends approx 1 inch above medial end of clavicle down to oblique fissure (6th rib anteriorly)
2) Oblique fissure: Runs between upper and lower lobes along the 6th rib anteriorly; starts between T2 and T4 posteriorly, angles toward medial border of scapula to 5th rib (mid-axillary line) then to 6th costal cartilage anteriorly
3) Lower lobe: Found below oblique fissure (6th rib anteriorly and T2 posteriorly); goes down to 10th rib psoteriorly
Label the anterior segments of the left and right lungs
Label the posterior segments of the left and right lungs
What is the clinical significance of the 4th intercostal space landmark
It marks the horizontal fissure
What is the clinical significance of the spine of the scapula as a landmark
It marks the start of the oblique fissure
What is the clinical significance of the inferior angle of the scapula
It separates the superior and posterior lower lobe
Review of the lungs and rib anatomy
What is pectus excavatum?
When the ribs and breastbone grow inwards forming a dent in the chest
What is the pectus carinatum?
When the breastbone and ribs are pushed outwards and form a pigeon bone
Palpate suprasternal notch
Concave superior border of the manubrium
Palpate sternal angle
Formed by junction of manubrium and the body
Palpate the costal margin
End of ribs in abdominal area
Palpate the xiphisternal junction
Sharp lower edge of the body; marks the junction of the 7th rib with the sternum
The sternal angle is the landmark for what important structures
What is the pleural cavity
Space between pleura and the lungs that ocntains the serous fluid
Differentiate between the pleura and lungs in terms of where they land on the ribs in accordance to the mid-clavicular line, mid-axillary line and vertebral line
What are the point of the recesses
To assist in lung expansion during inspiration
Review of anterior anatomy of thoracic cavity
Review of the posterior anatomy of the thoracic cavity
