Lecture 13 9/28/23

Question 1

What are the other names for hypersensitivity?

Answer 1

-hypersensitivity reaction
-allergic reaction

Question 2

What is hypersensitivity?

Answer 2

exaggerated/excessive immune response to a substance that is generally harmless

Question 3

What are the four classifications of hypersensitivity?

Answer 3

-type 1
-type 2
-type 3
-type 4

Question 4

Which hypersensitivity types are more immediate reactions?

Answer 4

types 1, 2, and 3

Question 5

Which hypersensitivity type requires days to develop?

Answer 5

type 4

Question 6

What are the characteristics of type 1 hypersensitivity?

Answer 6

-rapid onset within minutes
-includes allergies to food, insect stings, pollen, and dander
-can also include conditions like asthma and hay fever

Question 7

What is the mechanism of type 1 hypersensitivity?

Answer 7

mediated by IgE antibodies, mast cells, eosinophils, and basophils

Question 8

What are the characteristics of type 2 hypersensitivity?

Answer 8

-occurs within hours to days
-examples include hemolytic anemia, autoimmune disease, and drug-induced reactions

Question 9

What is the mechanism of type 2 hypersensitivity?

Answer 9

-mediated by IgG and IgM
-antibody-antigen complexes lead to cell lysis, tissue damage, and dysfunction

Question 10

What are the characteristics of type 3 hypersensitivity?

Answer 10

-occurs within hours to days
-examples include lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, serum sickness, and some drug-induced reactions

Question 11

What is the mechanism of type 3 hypersensitivity?

Answer 11

-mediated by IgG and IgM complexes
-deposit in tissues and trigger inflammatory response

Question 12

What are the characteristics of type 4 hypersensitivity?

Answer 12

-develops over several days
-examples include contact dermatitis, TB skin test, and some autoimmune diseases

Question 13

What is the mechanism of type 4 hypersensitivity?

Answer 13

involves activation of T lymphocytes