lecture 12 Flashcards
memory of infancy (0-1)
implicit memory, recognition, object permanence
toddler memory (2-3)
- implicit memory
- semantic and episodic forming
- recall of names, objects, places
- language development
- recognition better than recall
memory in early childhood (3-6)
advances in
- attention
- speed+efficiency of info processing
- language development
- recall things they did better than things they saw
- drawing helps
memory in middle child hood (6-10)
- gradual increase in own understanding of memory
- become aware that we forget
- can use mnemonics
- learn to use external aid
- rehearsal
- organisation
- elaboration
causes of memory problems in childhood
- ADHD/executive funtioning/learning difficulties
- epilepsy
- traume/stress
- FASD
- cerebrovascular events
memory in adulthood (20-60s)
- brain volume peaks in 20s
- working memory declines
- memory strategy use declines
- more difficult retrieving info from LTM
- sustaining two complex tasks become difficult
- relevant info becomes difficult
- visual info into a pattern declines
- general procedueral and occupational knowledge increase or unchanged
- cognitice competence increaces
misinformation effect
misleading information is incorporated in the memory after and event. suggest memory techniques
false memories
recollections that feel real but aren’t
dementia types
- cerebrovascular
- alzheimer’s
progress disorders marked by global disturbance of higher cognitive function
cerebrovascular dementia
strokes leave dead brain cells and can lead to dementia
- impacted by BP, diabetes, CVD, substance use
- men at higher risk
- big impacts on memory
types of alzheimers
- sporadic: no obvious family history, late onset of symptoms
- familial: early onset, more rapid progress,
alzheimers symptoms
- memory problems (recent first)
- speaking, language, reading
- time and place disorientation
- deppression
- decline in skill and purposeful movements
alzeimers risk and protective factors
Risk:
- high BP
- Obesity + diabetes
- smoking
- depression
protective:
- high education
- PA
- good diet
biological changes associated with alzheimers
- neuron death (neurofibrillary tangles where nutriends can’t be transported as easily)
- plaques outside neurons which can damage neurons
- chemical changes like with serotonin
mis-information
false connection, mis-leading content
