lecture 11

Question 1

what causes growth?

Answer 1

• hormones

Question 2

what are the main hormones which makes growth occur

Answer 2

• GH/IGF-1

Question 3

what are some environmental factors that influence GH

Answer 3

nutrition, stress, exercise

Question 4

what hormones influence the development of fitness indicies?

Answer 4

influenced by increase in IGF-1 and testosterone

Question 5

why will performance increase in during puberty irrespective of training?

Answer 5

hormones = increase muscle

= muscle mass increases performance

Question 6

what does regular physical activity do to the body in children?

Answer 6

increased muscle hypertrophy

increased bone mineral density

Question 7

what sports may impact growth in children??

Answer 7

weight controlled sports such as wrestling, and gymnastics

Question 8

what are some delayed growths that may take place in young gymnasts

Answer 8

delayed skeletal, somatic, and sexual maturation

Question 9

is stunting permanent

eg. child gymnasts??

Answer 9

it can be depending on the timing and magnitude of the energy drain

Question 10

what is thermoregulation?

Answer 10

The ability to keep the body at an even temperature

Question 11

efficient thermoregulation is the body to be between?

Answer 11

35-40 degrees

Question 12

what are the 3 modes of heat transfer?

Answer 12

convection - a gas or liquid and the currents that occur
conduction - contact between two surfaces
radiation - the heat that is given off as energy

Question 13

at what age do sweat glands start to funtcion?

Answer 13

6-8months

Question 14

why is body temperature higher in children than adults?

Answer 14

because you have more metabolically active mass in a child than in an adult
(brain, liver, GI tract all more active) = more heat

Question 15

what age does body temperature stabilize at for males and females

Answer 15

females 13-14
males 17-18
(puberty)

Question 16

why do children get colder in the water than on land cold?

Answer 16

because they have a greater surface area to mass ration = little body fat which means not as much insulation

Question 17

why do pathways (sport communitys) use age cut off as a criteria rather then using biological age?

Answer 17

because it is convenient and cheaper

Question 18

do early maturers athletes have an advantage compared to the late?

Answer 18

yes, early maturer athletes may have an increase in size, capacities, skill efficiency