Lecture 1

Question 1

Whats the difference between a cross sectional study and a longitudinal study?

Answer 1

cross sectional study - is measurements at a given age, each individual is represented once in the study
- info on size, maturity level, level of performance at the time of the survey

Longitudinal - observations on the same individual at specific times over a period of time
- info on status and also rate on progress

Question 2

What are the pros and cons of a cross sectional study?

Answer 2

pros - simpler

cons - provide only status,

Question 3

what are the pros and cons of a longitudinal study?

Answer 3

pros - status and rate of progress, useful during infancy, early childhood, adolescents

cons - true long 20-25yrs, expensive, well organized

Question 4

What is growth?

Answer 4

refers to observable step by step changes in the body such as weight, height, fat percentage

Question 5

When do humans grow fastest?

Answer 5

from birth to roughly age 2
and
during puberty

Question 6

What is allometric growth?

Answer 6

this is where different parts of the organ/organism grow at different rates

Question 7

Difference between allometric and isometric?

Answer 7

iso = equal
allo = different

Question 8

what does developmental age refer too?

Answer 8

a persons physical or mental development compared to normal developmental milestones

eg. reading ability
is the person reading at a higher developmental age ?

Question 9

What is chronological age?

Answer 9

age in years from birth

chronological age doesn’t equal biological age

Question 10

What are the 4 post natal growth developmental periods?

Answer 10

infacncy (<1yr) 
Early childhood (1-4.99yrs)
Middle childhood (5yrs - beginning of adolescence) 
Adolescence (10-19)

Question 11

what are the three cellular processes which growth occurs?

Answer 11

1. Hyperplasia - increase number of cells
2. hypertrophy - increase size of cells
3. Accretion - deposition (deposit more material)