Lecture 10: Employee attitudes, cognitions & behaviour

Question 1

ABC model of attitude

Answer 1

• Affective component; emotions you feel towards you work
• Behavioural component; how you perform
• Cognitive component; how you think about your work and the meaning of it

Question 2

Affective commitment

Answer 2

How you feel about your organization

Question 3

Continuance commitment

Answer 3

Whether you’re motivated to stay in your organisation

Question 4

Normative commitment

Answer 4

What your believes are to how you should be in your workplace and what is the right thing to do

Question 5

Dedication

Answer 5

Loving your work

Question 6

Absorption

Answer 6

Attention to work, flow

Question 7

Vigour

Answer 7

Putting a lot of effort in your work

Question 8

Difference work engagement and work satisfaction

Answer 8

• Work engagement=the extent to which employees are involved with, committed to, enthousiastic, and passionate about their work
• Work satistaction=these people also love their work but more in a passive state than work engagement

Question 9

Cognitive dissonance theory

Answer 9

There is a mismatch between how we feel and what we do, dissonance emerges when there is such an inconsistency

Question 10

3 ways to fix dissonance

Answer 10

• Change attitude
• Change behaviour
• Change behaviour perception

Question 11

Theory of planned behaviour

Answer 11

Attitudes towards behaviour, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control, lead to –> Behavioural intention, leads to –> Behaviour

Question 12

Persuasion and influence –> Elaboration likelihood model (ELM)

Answer 12

• Central route: when people are motivated to hear what you have to say
• Peripheral route: when people are not motivated to hear what you have to say

Question 13

Persuasion and influence –> Heuristic/Systematic Model (HSM)

Answer 13

Mental shortcuts by playing into someones emotions/biases and beliefd

Question 14

Self-serving bias/attribution bias

Answer 14

• People will attribute success to their internal factors and failure to the external factors
• People will attribute others success to external factors and others failure to internal factors

Question 15

Decision making theory

Answer 15

• System 1; unconscious, biased, fast
• System 2; rational, slow

Question 16

Social facilitation

Answer 16

People often perform differently when working in a group then alone

Question 17

Distraction-conflict theory

Answer 17

Proposes that sometimes people tend to underperform in groups because there is a conflict between them paying attention to the task and paying attention to others

Question 18

Arousal theory

Answer 18

When working together with others this increases our arousal and this will either make us peform well or badly depending on how our initial skills are

Question 19

Social loafing

Answer 19

When working in groups people tend to put less effort in than they would have when working alone

Question 20

Social identity

Answer 20

We tend to identify with certain individuals and social groups, and we tend to evaluate them more positively and behave more positive towards them –> ingroup/outgroup bias

Question 21

Work group diversity

Answer 21

Organisations are more and more trying to hire globally and attract people from around the globe. Our society is becoming more diverse so you have to work in very diverse teams

Question 22

Conformity

Answer 22

We tend to conform with groups and don’t necessarily want to stand out too much and like to fit in (Ash experiment with line length)