Lecture 10 Flashcards
What are family units?
Nucler family: people related by blood and marriage
In Indigenous cultures & many other cultures: also
unrelated community members
For many in the LGBTQ2S+ community: found family
What are parenting styles? What are the two main demensions of these styles?
Parenting styles are a parents consitent behaviour.
1. Warmth & responsiveness (children benifit from higher level of this and have a more secure attachment)
2. Control
psychological- emotional manipulation
behavioural- controling the things a kid does (good in moderation)
Parenting styles:
1. Authoritarian (high control low warmth)
2. Authoritative (moderate control high warmth)best
3. Permissive (low control high warmth)
4. Uninvolved (low control low warmth)
Parenting and context
The best style depends on social economic status and culture
Lower ses =more control
How do parents teach their children to behave how they’d like them to behave?
- Direct instruction: telling a kid what to do most effective when used with an explenation
- Modelling & social learning: child learning by watching parental behaviours
* Counterimitation: Shows what not to do - Feedback: renforcement or punishment
When is punishment effective and when is it not?
Punishment is most effective when:
- it happens imeditly after behaviour
- consistant
- followed by an explenation (induction- how it makes someone else feel)
- Paired with a warm relationship
Not effective when:
- kids aren’t taught alternatives to their bad behaviour
- When the kids only fccus on the punishment
- Physical punishment= bad -do time in (talk it out) or out instead (at least 3)
Facts about devorce
- Don’t stay together for the kids(chronic prental conflict)
- More likley to get into their own abusive relationships
- 1/3 of marriges end in devorce
- lower self esteem struggle in school more strained parent child relationships
- after 1st year they improve
- coparenting helps
- girls internalize more boy externalize
What are the pros and cons of blended families?
- This adjustment can be harder when the new parent brings in children. Eased if parents have open comunication and boudries
- Another adult in the family (bonus parent)
- Second mariges more likely to end in devorce
What are Grandparent roles and styles?
They Help stabalize families by mediating keeping extended family close passing on family narative, updated.
- Influential- close invovled frequently preforming perental roles
- Supportive - close but no perental roles
- Authoritative - provide dicipline and thats it
- Passive - good relationship but not super close
- Detached - univolved
Story worth- get their stories
Siblings and parents
- make things fair
- Siblings get along better if they have their own relationships with parent
- lower levels of parent conflict kids fight high level kids bond together
- Parents must intervien in sibling fights
Birth order
- Firstborn children: parents have higher expectations and show more affection. More likly to go to collge more obedient.
- Laterborn children: parents relax a little bit. Less concerned with pleasing adults. More popular.
- Only children: Do better in school
Adoption fun facts:
- 1 in 10 reported being adopted as a child
- 5% adopted
- NOt whiling to adopt teen
- When possible it’s beneficial for children to be placed with family members (kinship care)
- Many adopted children face adversity before being adopted, some may continue to face adversity after adoption
Types of maltreatment
- Neglect (most common)
- Physical: hit
- Emotional: name calling phychological control
- Sexual
In a 2010 study done by the Public Health Agency of
Canada, about 34% of their cases involved neglect, 34%
involved domestic violence, 20% involved physical abuse, 9% involved emotional abuse, and 3% involved sexual abuse.
Case substantiation: report must be matched with proof
What are risk factors for abuse &
maltreatment
oParent qualities and parental maltreatment history
oStressors PLUS social isolation - social support helps
oChild factors - kids who have a more difcult tempermant, developmental disabilites … etc.
- Psychopathology- Mental illness
child abuse potential questionair (cap) - help them get resourses
What are the effects of childhood trauma?
oPhysical health - stress reactivity impacted, Trauma disregulates our nervous system. Brain development. Potential for chronic pain.
oEmotional health - dificulty with emotional regulation, numbing, higher vulnerabilty to victumisation
oBehavior - potential for risky behaviour
oCognition - foccusing attention planing ahead and problem solving
oRisk of developing C-PTSD (Complex Posttraumatic
Stress Disorder) looks a lot like adhd - long term ptsd
What are aces
Adverse childhood experiences
oACES are potentially traumatic events that occur any time in childhood. These events can undermine the child’s feelings of safety, stability, or bonding with caregivers.
