Lecture 1 - General organisation of the nervous system Flashcards
What is neuroscience ?
Neuroscience also known as neural science is the study of how the nervous system develops, its structure and what it does.
What’s electrophysiology?
Physiological properties of cells and neural system
What does a squid have ?
Giant nerve chord
Whats a nervous system like in a simple organism ?
Network of nerve cells connected together without central command centre
What does a hydra have ?
A nerve network made from Porto neurones
What’s the CNS ?
Brain and Spinal Cord
What does the peripheral nervous system contain ?
Sensory input and motor output
How many cerebral hemispheres does the brain have ?
2
Where does the midbrain have ?
Visual and auditory inputs
What joins the midbrain to the spinal cord ?
Hindbrain
What does the hindbrain include ?
The pons and medulla oblongata
What does the medulla control ?
The unconscious, essential functions like breathing and blood circulation
whats the coordinating centre ?
The cerebellum
What helps in learning complex motor tasks ?
Cerebellum
What are ridges in the brain called ?
Gyri
What are grooves in the brain called ?
Sulci
What functions do lobes have ?
- occipital - process sensory information
- parietal - integrate sensory motor info
- frontal - make decision about movements
- temporal - cognitive capacity
What’s the occipital lobe associated with ?
Sight
What’s are the two types of brain tissue ?
Grey matter and white matter
What does grey matter do ?
Lies the surface of the brain
What’s nuclei ?
Clusters of nerve cells
What’s white matter ?
Myalin - it contains large number of fibres
Does white matter collect the two hemispheres ?
Yes
The white area represents
Axons of nerve cells
Where’s the midbrain ?
In the middle
Structures develop around the ?
Midbrain
What’s the top surface of the midbrain called ?
Tectum
What does the midbrain differentiate into ?
Superior colliculi and inferior colliculi
What’s the superior colliculi ?
Visual tracking
What’s the inferior colliculi ?
Auditory processing
What sight do dinosaurs have ?
Can’t see movement
Midbrain contains ventricles ?
3 and 4
What’s the floor of the midbrain called ?
Tegmentum
What is dopamine ?
Neurotransmitter
What causes Parkinson’s disease ?
Degeneration of the basal ganglia
The ventral tegmental area projects to ?
Limbic system and frontal cortex
Where does the Mesolimbic path terminate ?
Nucleus accumbens. Signals reward.
What does cerebellum mean ?
Little Brain
