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PSYC 231 > Lecture 1 and 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 1 and 2 Flashcards

1
Q

social psychology is the scienctific study of waht 3 things

A

social realtions, social thinking, social influence

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2
Q

“we construct our social reality” which part of social psych is this

A

social thinking

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3
Q

does the construction of our social reality happen inside or outside of our awareness

A

outside

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4
Q

what self esteem study demonstates how we construct our social realtities

A

lower self-esteem individuals perceive less acceptance from the same stimulus

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5
Q

we shape our social reality and vice versa t or f

A

t

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6
Q

social influences shape what 3 things

A

thoughts, behaviour and feelings

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7
Q

how does social infleucne determine who we find attractive

A

standard of thin or fat

muscular or skinny

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8
Q

what are the different ways social influence can tell us to express ourselves sexually

A

subtly or overtly

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9
Q

what are 2 things that influence social influences

A

cultural and temporal influences

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10
Q

what are temporal inflleunces

A

over time and generations

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11
Q

**social is biological clip

A

??

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12
Q

social behavior is also …. behaviour

A

biological

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13
Q

give an e.g. of how social behavior is biological 3

A

imitating facial expressions
links between relationships and health
psysioloigcal reactions to social experiences

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14
Q

what can one do to numb rejection

A

same things as you would use for physcial pain: weed and tylonol

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15
Q

how does temperment influence the big 5 traits

A

higher on neurotisism= more likely to have anxiety

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16
Q

how does temperment change how we respond to threats

A

larger perception to threat larger response to it and it takes longer to recover

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17
Q

is it true that opposites attract

A

no attracted to those whose traits are similar to our own

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18
Q

why isnt psychology all jsut common sense

A

because contradictions exist

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19
Q

Psychology research suffers from two problematic interpretations what are they

A

fidning seems obvious after the fact

findings apply to others not the self

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20
Q

fidning seems obvious after the fact:T

A

hindsight bias

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21
Q

what are barriers to understanding social psych

A

Findings seem obvious after the fact (Hindsight bias) •“I knew that already”
•Findings seem to apply to others, not to self

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22
Q

go over slides 23- 32

A

!! they deleted

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23
Q

what is the difference between the unit of anaysis for sociology vs social psych

A

the person vs the social context

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24
Q

T: is the scientific study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another

A

social psych

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25
Q

T: the study of social life, social change, and the social causes and consequences of human behavior

A

sociology

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26
Q

T: investigate the structure of groups, organizations, and societies, and how people interact within these contexts

A

sociology

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27
Q

T: the study of human thinking, feeling, and behaving

A

social psych

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28
Q

what is the purpose of a theory

A

guides your science

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29
Q

what is a theory

A

• An integrated set of principles that explain and predict observed events

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30
Q

what are the events that are being explained in social psych theories

A

social thinking influences and relations

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31
Q

3 ways theories are generative

A

new hypothesis
new research
solutions to social problems

32
Q

T: Self-esteem is a monitor of our perceived value as a relational partner. what theory is this

A

sociometer theory

33
Q

sociometer theory questions what the value of …. is

A

self esteem

34
Q

what does sociometer theory say the function of self esteem is

A

to maintain social relationships as a gauge of how accepted we feel

35
Q

sociometer theory says high self esteem means….

A

we believe that others value us as an interaction partner and think we are awesome!

36
Q

sociometer theory says low self esteem means….

A

means that we doubt our value to others, and we suspect that other people think we aren’t so hot.

37
Q

what part of sociometer theory was a new hypothesis of self esteem

A

self esteem as a social phenomenon

38
Q

Self-esteem should be sensitive to …. and … (should be sensitive to changes)

A

social acceptance, rejection

39
Q

why so sensitive to rejection

A

in past it meant we would die

40
Q

when did sociometer hyp come into existence

A

1994 cited 1000s of times since then

41
Q

how did sociometer hyp change the way we were dealing with self esteem

A

informed us Self-esteem programs” probably won’t work! we can’t spare kids from rejection or will just bandaid the problem

42
Q

what did sociometer theorists suggest was the solution for self esteem

A

create social enviro that’s more welcoming and inclusive

43
Q

after theory what is the next step

A

test the hypothesis

44
Q

what kind of research do social psychologists do

A

correlational (not messing with any one variable looking at naturally occurring ones)

45
Q

Correlational Research

•Are two or more factors … associated with one another?

A

naturally

46
Q

Correlational Research: Strength of the association is reflected by a ….

A

correlation coefficient

47
Q

what is a weak correlation

A

.10 to .30

48
Q

what is a moderate correlation

A

.30 to .50

49
Q

what is a strong correlation

A

.50 and higher

50
Q

what is correlation represented by

A

r

51
Q

which correlation is most common in social psychology

A

moderate

52
Q

The strength of a correlation tells us ….

A

how accurately we can predict variable B based on knowing the value of variable A (or variable A knowing the value of variable B)

53
Q

• The stronger the correlation between variable A and variable B, ….

A

the more accurately we can predict one from the other!

54
Q

what was the correlation in Cacioppo’s Correlational Loneliness Research

A

between loneliness and health

55
Q

Lonely people are less healthy and die earlier: is this causal

A

don’t know direction of causality
3rd variable: sleep is associated with loneliness then sleep with health
bad sleep might cause loneliness

56
Q

why does loneliness distrust sleep

A

rumination and negative thoughts can’t fall asleep

57
Q

how bad sleep might cause loneliness

A

cranky depressed

58
Q

how do social psychologists test hypothesis causally>

A

experiments that bottle a social experience

59
Q

Laboratory simulations of everyday social processes:T

A

experiment

60
Q

Hold every detail of the participants’ experiences … but vary one (or more) feature(s) of their experiences across experimental conditions called…

A

CONSTANT

indépendant vairable

61
Q

Observe and record any differences in behaviour/thoughts/feelings between conditions: these are called….

A

dependant variables

62
Q

the fat woman study found they were … • Were 20% less likely to be married
• Earned $6710 less annually
• That’s about $15k in 2017 dollars
what 2 things did these differences exist despite controlling for

A

socioeconomic status

aptitude tests

63
Q

did fat men have the same Stigma and stereotypes about fat women that undermined fat mens
outcomes?

A

NO

64
Q

what are 2 possible 3rd variables for the poor outcomes of fat woman

A

dieting and racism

65
Q

what was the independent variable in fat woman study over phone

A

Men saw picture of their interaction partner prior to conversation

66
Q

what were he 2 conditions in fat woman study over phone

A

Condition 1: Thin picture • Condition 2: Fat picture

67
Q

did woman know which picture was shown for them?

A

no their body sizes varried

68
Q

what were the dependant variables in the fat phone study 3

A

DV 1: How positively did the men view their interaction partner? • DV 2: How much did the men like their interaction partner
DV 3: How positively did the women behave?

69
Q

why did woman behave more warm and friendly in thin condition

A

less - evaluation = better treatment

70
Q

what are the 2 dimensions of marginalization for fat phone study

A

sexism and fat phobia

71
Q

how is it a self fufiling prophecy with fat woman

A

Men’s bias causes them to treat the women in more or less accepting ways
• Leads women to reciprocate that behavior
• Confirms men’s original beliefs

72
Q

The only variable that differed between conditions was the weight of
the woman in the picture – principle of …

A

control

73
Q

what can we confirm from fat phone study

A

we can conclude that the women’s weight caused the men’s evaluation and liking

74
Q

What if the men in the fat condition were just more biased to begin with? how was this accounted for in fat phone study

A

random assignment

75
Q

can participants always be randomly assigned to a variable?

A

no e.g. smoking would be unethical and some are impossible like Are Gen Z’s smarter than Millenials?

76
Q

can participants always be randomly assigned to a variable?

A

no e.g. smoking would be unethical and some are impossible like Are Gen Z’s smarter than Millenials?

77
Q

Do higher-income people have higher self-esteem? correlational or experimental

A

correlational can’t assign income

PSYC 231 (15 decks)

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