Lecture 1 & 2 Flashcards
What is tissue Engineering?
An interdisciplinary field that
applies the principles of
engineering and life
sciences towards the
development of biological
substitutes that restore,
maintain, or improve tissue
function.
What are the three parts of the tissue engineering triad?
Cells, Biochemical Signals, Scaffolds
What are some examples of cells in the tissue engineering triad?
Autologous Cells (delivered vs.
recruited), Stem Cells, Cell-material, Interactions
What are some examples of signals in the tissue engineering triad?
Molecules (growth factors,
gene therapy), Bioreactors
(mechanical loading, flow)
What are some examples of scaffolds in the tissue engineering triad?
Ceramics, Polymers, Biodegradable, Natural Materials, Processing, Composites
Who are the fathers of tissue engineering?
Dr. Joseph Vacanti and Dr. Robert Langer
What are applications of tissue engineering?
Tissue Repair, In vitro Models (organs-on-chips)
What is the difference between Tissue Engineering vs. Regenerative Medicine?
Tissue engineering combines cells, scaffolds, and growth factors to regenerate tissues or replace damaged or diseased tissues, while regenerative medicine combines tissue engineering with other strategies, including cell-based therapy, gene therapy, and immunomodulation, to induce in vivo tissue/organ regeneration.
True/False: Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine are usually interchangeable terms.
True
Why do we need Tissue engineering?
Not enough organs for
transplantation
Every ______ a patient
dies from diseases that
could be treated with tissue
replacement
30 seconds
When was the term “Tissue Engineering” first used?
1991
Early Tissue Engineering facts: ______ were seeded onto spicules of bone and implanted in mice.
Chondrocytes
Early Tissue Engineering facts: _______ were seeded onto collagen matrix.
Dermal fibroblasts
Early Tissue Engineering facts: _______ created the idea of engineered porous scaffolds for cell seeding
Langer/Vacanti
Explain what the Vacanti mouse was and how it worked.
- Ear-shaped plaster mold
- Porous biodegradable scaffold fabricated
- Cow cartilage cells seeded on scaffold
- Cultured in vitro, implanted subcutaneously
What was the controversy with the vacanti mouse?
People thought it was playing God
What are the advantages of mechanical heart valves?
What are the disadvantages for the use of mechanical heart valve?
What are some of the more recent advances in tissue engineering?
bioprinting, mechanobiology, CRISPR, decellurized organs
What are the 3 primary tissue engineering areas?
Engineering cells, engineering materials, and engineering tissue architecture
What are some of the future applications of tissue engineering?
organs on a chip, engineered meat, engineered leather, clinical translation, cryopreservation and fast delivery
What makes up the most of tissue engineering sales?
hydrogels
True/False: Tissue Engineering is different from regenerative medicine but used interchangeably.
True
