Lect 4 Flashcards
what is ambisome used for
treatment for visceral leish
-it is a one shot treatment thing
-intravenous injection
-made by gilhead
what is post kala azar dermal leish
-pkdl
-10% of people who got cured after visceral leish
-looks like lil dots
-parasites are in low quantity on the skin
true or false: there is more asymptomatic cases than clinical cases
true it is like 5-20 cases for 1 clinical case
what is the immune response to leish
-activated dc activates CD4 t cells
-activate th1 cells
-get il2 and inf gamma
-activate macrophages and you have inos
-macropage kills parasite
what happens when you have leish and HIV
-no more cd4
-you get il4
-activates th2-get more il4
-activates B cells
-you get antibodies
-parasite survival
-shitty outcome
what does imiquimod do
activates TLRs 7/8 in phagolysosome
-ssrna is natural ligand for tlr 7/8
-you push for the best outcome
-it also activates macrophages for inos
what is aldara
-imiquimod topical cream
-treats cutaneosu leish
where are the parasites in the macrophages in leish
phagolysosome
true or false: imiquimod fucks up leish
true but depends on what it is used for
imiquimod % of slay
-increases rate of sucess with antimony
-around 72% to 75%
what is the % of slay of aldara
30%
what is the tlr 9 agonist
cpg currently in clinical trials to treat leish
imiquimod is also used for what other than leish
-slays against dengue
-when applied as a cream on skin after bite
-it activates macrophages
when was the cause of malaria discovered
-charles laveran
-in 1886
-found that it was a parasite cuz he was a slay at microscope
when did laveran win his nobel
in 1907
what did people think malaria is from
bad air
what did ronald ross discover
-in 1897
-that it was the mosquito anopheles that caused malaria
-aka the transmission
what did laveran see under the microscope
gametocystes
when did ross win his nobel
1902
what did ross find under the microscope
sporozoites
plasmodium life cycle
Sporozoites get injected
Go into the blood into the liver
Transforms into merozoites
Pour out of the liver and gets into red blood cells
Replicates fucking fast
Gets out and transforms into gametocytes (convert into haploid) that gets taken up by the mosquito
