•Lect 3: Anterior Abdominal Wall and Peritoneum Flashcards

0
Q

when dividing the abdomen into 6 sections, they are named from top to bottom, right to left:

A

right hypochondrium, epigastric, left hypochondrium right flank, umbilical, left flank right groin, pubic, left groin

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1
Q

when dividing the abdomen into 6 sections, you draw the planes:

A

2 at the midclavicular lines, subcostal plane and transtubercular plane

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2
Q

what is the order of the 3 superficial layers of the abdominal wall?

A

skin, Camper’s fascia, Scarpa’s fascia

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3
Q

what is the order of the 3 middle layers of the abdominal wall?

A

external oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominal

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4
Q

the VAN is found between which two layers?

A

internal oblique and transverse abdominal

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5
Q

what is the order of the 3 deep layers of the abdominal wall?

A

transversalis fascia, extraperitoneal fat, parietal peritoneum

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6
Q

place in the middle where the tendons merge:

A

linea alba

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7
Q

anteriorly, the rectus sheath goes to ____ posteriorly, the rectus sheath goes to ____

A

the symphysis pubis arcuate line

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8
Q

the rectus abdominus muscles are divided by:

A

tendinous intersections

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9
Q

above the umbilicus, how do the oblique muscles cover the abdominal muscles?

A

anterior obliques go above, transversus abdominus go below, and the internal obliques split into two

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10
Q

2/3ds between the umbilicus and the symphysis pubis, how do the oblique muscles cover the abdominal muscles?

A

they all run above

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11
Q

where do the inferior epigastric arteries and veins enter into the rectus sheath?

A

arcuate line

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12
Q

superiorly, most of the blood supply comes from the:

A

internal thoracic arteries

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13
Q

the internal thoracic arteries branch into the:

A

superior epigastric and the musculophrenic

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14
Q

inferiorly, most of the blood supply comes from the:

A

deep circumflex ilial artery, superficial circumflex ilial artery, superficial epigastric artery, inferior epigastric artery

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15
Q

posteriorly, most of the blood supply comes from the:

A

lumbar arteries

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16
Q

anterior intercostal arteries come from the:

A

musculophrenic

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17
Q

lymphatics above the umbilicus will go to the:

A

anterior and posterior axillary lymph nodes

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18
Q

lymphatics below the umbilicus will go to the:

A

superficial inguinal lymph nodes

19
Q

the T7 dermatome covers the:

A

xiphoid

20
Q

the T10 dermatome covers the:

A

umbilicus

21
Q

the L1 dermatome covers the:

A

inguinal

22
Q

the innervation of the abdominal wall comes from the:

A

anterior rami of the spinal cord

23
Q

which layer of fascia is continuous from the abdomen into the leg?

A

Camper’s fascia

24
Q

Scarpa’s fascia merges into the fascia lata of the leg at the ____

A

line of fusion

25
Q

what forms the the anterior wall of the inguinal canal?

A

aponeurosis of the external oblique, and a little bit from the internal oblique

26
Q

what forms the inferior (floor) of the inguinal canal?

A

the inguinal ligament, an extension of the external oblique that curls under

27
Q

what forms the superior (roof) of the inguinal canal?

A

arches of the internal oblique and transversus abdominus

28
Q

what forms the posterior boundary of the inguinal canal?

A

fascia transversalis, reinforced medially by the conjoint tendon (joining of the transversus abdominalis and internal oblique)

29
Q

what runs through the spermatic cord?

A

genitofemoral nerve, deferential artery, ductus deferens, testicular artery, pampiniform plexus

30
Q

the superficial fascia in the abdomen is continuous with the _____ in the testicle

A

dartos fascia and muscle

31
Q

the external oblique muscle in the abdomen is continuous with the _____ in the testicle

A

external spermatic fascia

32
Q

the internal oblique muscle in the abdomen is continuous with the _____ in the testicle

A

cremasteric fascia and muscle

33
Q

the transversus abdominus muscle in the abdomen is continuous with the _____ in the testicle

A

not represented

34
Q

the transversus fascia in the abdomen is continuous with the _____ in the testicle

A

internal spermatic fascia

35
Q

the peritoneum in the abdomen is continuous with the _____ in the testicle

A

obliterated processus vaginalis

36
Q

what are the main structure in the female inguinal canal?

A

round ligament of the uterus and lymphatics from the uterus

37
Q

what forms Hesselbach’s (inguinal) triangle?

A

rectus abdominus, inferior epigastric vessels, inguinal ligament

38
Q

a direct hernia goes through:

A

Hesselbach’s triangle, or medial to the epigastric vessels

39
Q

an indirect hernia goes through:

A

the deep ring of the inguinal canal, or lateral to the epigastric vessels

40
Q

intra peritoneal organs all have a ____

A

mesentary (connection to the posterior wall)

41
Q

retro peritoneal organs are ______

A

fixed to the posterior wall, not moving freely in the abdomen

42
Q

the peritoneum forms folds known as _____

A

omentum

43
Q

when you first enter the abdomen, you see the ______

A

greater omentum

44
Q

in between the stomach and the liver is the _____, which is divided into the ___ and _____

A

lesser omentum, hepatogastric ligament, hepatoduodenal ligament

45
Q

the only way to enter the lesser sac is through the:

A

omental foramen

46
Q

if you see air between the liver and the diaphragm, it is a ____

A

pneumoperitoneum