•Lect 3: Anterior Abdominal Wall and Peritoneum

Question 0

when dividing the abdomen into 6 sections, they are named from top to bottom, right to left:

Answer 0

right hypochondrium, epigastric, left hypochondrium right flank, umbilical, left flank right groin, pubic, left groin

Question 1

when dividing the abdomen into 6 sections, you draw the planes:

Answer 1

2 at the midclavicular lines, subcostal plane and transtubercular plane

Question 2

what is the order of the 3 superficial layers of the abdominal wall?

Answer 2

skin, Camper’s fascia, Scarpa’s fascia

Question 3

what is the order of the 3 middle layers of the abdominal wall?

Answer 3

external oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominal

Question 4

the VAN is found between which two layers?

Answer 4

internal oblique and transverse abdominal

Question 5

what is the order of the 3 deep layers of the abdominal wall?

Answer 5

transversalis fascia, extraperitoneal fat, parietal peritoneum

Question 6

place in the middle where the tendons merge:

Answer 6

linea alba

Question 7

anteriorly, the rectus sheath goes to ____ posteriorly, the rectus sheath goes to ____

Answer 7

the symphysis pubis arcuate line

Question 8

the rectus abdominus muscles are divided by:

Answer 8

tendinous intersections

Question 9

above the umbilicus, how do the oblique muscles cover the abdominal muscles?

Answer 9

anterior obliques go above, transversus abdominus go below, and the internal obliques split into two

Question 10

2/3ds between the umbilicus and the symphysis pubis, how do the oblique muscles cover the abdominal muscles?

Answer 10

they all run above

Question 11

where do the inferior epigastric arteries and veins enter into the rectus sheath?

Answer 11

arcuate line

Question 12

superiorly, most of the blood supply comes from the:

Answer 12

internal thoracic arteries

Question 13

the internal thoracic arteries branch into the:

Answer 13

superior epigastric and the musculophrenic

Question 14

inferiorly, most of the blood supply comes from the:

Answer 14

deep circumflex ilial artery, superficial circumflex ilial artery, superficial epigastric artery, inferior epigastric artery

Question 15

posteriorly, most of the blood supply comes from the:

Answer 15

lumbar arteries

Question 16

anterior intercostal arteries come from the:

Answer 16

musculophrenic

Question 17

lymphatics above the umbilicus will go to the:

Answer 17

anterior and posterior axillary lymph nodes

Question 18

lymphatics below the umbilicus will go to the:

Answer 18

superficial inguinal lymph nodes

Question 19

the T7 dermatome covers the:

Answer 19

xiphoid

Question 20

the T10 dermatome covers the:

Answer 20

umbilicus

Question 21

the L1 dermatome covers the:

Answer 21

inguinal

Question 22

the innervation of the abdominal wall comes from the:

Answer 22

anterior rami of the spinal cord

Question 23

which layer of fascia is continuous from the abdomen into the leg?

Answer 23

Camper’s fascia

Question 24

Scarpa’s fascia merges into the fascia lata of the leg at the ____

Answer 24

line of fusion

Question 25

what forms the the anterior wall of the inguinal canal?

Answer 25

aponeurosis of the external oblique, and a little bit from the internal oblique

Question 26

what forms the inferior (floor) of the inguinal canal?

Answer 26

the inguinal ligament, an extension of the external oblique that curls under

Question 27

what forms the superior (roof) of the inguinal canal?

Answer 27

arches of the internal oblique and transversus abdominus

Question 28

what forms the posterior boundary of the inguinal canal?

Answer 28

fascia transversalis, reinforced medially by the conjoint tendon (joining of the transversus abdominalis and internal oblique)

Question 29

what runs through the spermatic cord?

Answer 29

genitofemoral nerve, deferential artery, ductus deferens, testicular artery, pampiniform plexus

Question 30

the superficial fascia in the abdomen is continuous with the _____ in the testicle

Answer 30

dartos fascia and muscle

Question 31

the external oblique muscle in the abdomen is continuous with the _____ in the testicle

Answer 31

external spermatic fascia

Question 32

the internal oblique muscle in the abdomen is continuous with the _____ in the testicle

Answer 32

cremasteric fascia and muscle

Question 33

the transversus abdominus muscle in the abdomen is continuous with the _____ in the testicle

Answer 33

not represented

Question 34

the transversus fascia in the abdomen is continuous with the _____ in the testicle

Answer 34

internal spermatic fascia

Question 35

the peritoneum in the abdomen is continuous with the _____ in the testicle

Answer 35

obliterated processus vaginalis

Question 36

what are the main structure in the female inguinal canal?

Answer 36

round ligament of the uterus and lymphatics from the uterus

Question 37

what forms Hesselbach’s (inguinal) triangle?

Answer 37

rectus abdominus, inferior epigastric vessels, inguinal ligament

Question 38

a direct hernia goes through:

Answer 38

Hesselbach’s triangle, or medial to the epigastric vessels

Question 39

an indirect hernia goes through:

Answer 39

the deep ring of the inguinal canal, or lateral to the epigastric vessels

Question 40

intra peritoneal organs all have a ____

Answer 40

mesentary (connection to the posterior wall)

Question 41

retro peritoneal organs are ______

Answer 41

fixed to the posterior wall, not moving freely in the abdomen

Question 42

the peritoneum forms folds known as _____

Answer 42

omentum

Question 43

when you first enter the abdomen, you see the ______

Answer 43

greater omentum

Question 44

in between the stomach and the liver is the _____, which is divided into the ___ and _____

Answer 44

lesser omentum, hepatogastric ligament, hepatoduodenal ligament

Question 45

the only way to enter the lesser sac is through the:

Answer 45

omental foramen

Question 46

if you see air between the liver and the diaphragm, it is a ____

Answer 46

pneumoperitoneum