GA Lab #1 Anterior Abdominal Wall, Inguinal Region, Peritoneum (edited LS) Flashcards

0
Q

Name the abdominal layers and what they become in spermatic cord?

A
  1. Scarpas or Campers Fascia = Dartos Fascia
  2. External Oblique = External Spermatic Fascia
  3. Internal Oblique = Cremasteric Muscle and Fascia
  4. Transversus Fascia = Internal Spermatic Fascia
  5. Peritoneum = Obliterated Processus Vaginalis
  6. Peritoneum = Tunica Vaginalis (parietal and visceral)
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1
Q

Name the superficial arteries going to the anterior abdominal wall. Superficial and deep:

A

Superficial (M-C-E) 1. Musculophrenic artery (off Internal Thoracic artery) 2. Superficial Circumflex Iliac Artery 3. Superficial Epigastric Artery Deep (I-C-E-E): intercostal-circmflx-epi-epi 1. Superior Epigastric Artery (off Internal Thoracic) 2. Inferior Epigastric Artery 3. Deep Circumflex artery 4. Intercostal arteries

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2
Q

What is the Roof part of the Inguinal canal?

A

M = Muscles Internal Oblique Transversus abdominis

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3
Q

What is the anterior part of the Inguinal Canal?

A

A= Aponeuroses of external and intenral oblique

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4
Q

What is the floor of the Inguinal canal?

A

L = Ligament Inguinal Ligament = extension of the external oblique aponeurosis, spanning to pubic tubercle

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5
Q

What is the posterior part of the Inguinal canal?

A

T = Tendon Transversalis Fascia, reinforced by Conjoint Tendon Conjoint Tendon = formed from tendinuous insertions of the medial most parts of the internal oblique and transversus abdominis

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6
Q

what is the function of external oblique?

A

-compress abdomen -flex trunk -forced expiration -bend trunk to same side, turning anterior part of abdomen to opposite side

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7
Q

what is function of internal oblique

A

compress abdomen flex trunk forced expiration -bends trunk to same side, turning the anterior part of abdomen to opposite side

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8
Q

what is function of transversalis abdominis

A

compress abomden

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9
Q

function of rectus muscle?

A

compress abdomen flex vertebral column tense abdominal wall

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10
Q

function of pyrimidalis

A

tenses linea alba

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11
Q

origin and insertion of external oblique what ligament does it form?

A

origin: Rib 5-ribs 12 inserts at the lateral lip of Iliac crest. Forms the large aponeurosis ending at linea alba -inferior border forms Inguinal Ligament

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12
Q

origin and insertion of Internal oblique? what ligament does it form

A

Thoracolumnar Fascia + Iliac Crest Aponeurosis helps make the Conjoint Tendon

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13
Q

origin and insertion of Transversus abdominis what ligament does it form? what else does it help form?

A

Thoracolumbar Fascia + Iliac Crest Aponeurosis ends at Linea Alba Fibers run more horizontal Helps form conjoint tendon Forms posterior wall of Inguinal canal

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14
Q

origin and insertion of Rectus abdominis?

A

Originates at Pubic Crest Inserts at Costal Cartilage/Xiphoid

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15
Q

Origin + insertion of Pyramidalis muscle?

A

Origin at front of pubis Insert into linea alba

16
Q

Innervation of external oblique?

A

anterior rami of lower six thoracic spinal nerves T7-T12

17
Q

Innervation of internal oblique

A

anterior rami of lower 6 thoracic spinal nerves T7-T12 and L1 (Ilioinguinal + Iliohypogastric nerve)

18
Q

Innervation of Transversus Abdominis

A

anterior rami of lower six thoracic spinal nerves T7-T12 and L1 (Ilioinguinal + Iliohypogastric nerve)

19
Q

innervation of rectus abdominis?

A

anterior rami of lower 7 thoracic nerves T7-T12

20
Q

innervation of pyramidalis

A

anterior ramus of T12

21
Q

what is the superficial blood supply to the anterior abdominal wall and where do the arteries come off of?

A
  1. Musculophrenic artery (from Internal Thoracic artery) 2. Superficial Epigastric artery (from Femoral artery) - medial 3. Superficial Circumflex Iliac Artery (from Femoral artery) - lateral
22
Q

what is the DEEP blood supply to the anterior abdominal wall and where do the arteries come off of?

A
  1. Superior Epigastric artery (off of Internal Thoracic a.) 2. Intercostal arteries 3. Deep Circumflex Artery (off external Iliac artery) 4. Inferior Epigastric Artery (off External Iliac artery)
23
Q

what is the lymphatic drainage of the anterior abdominal wall: - superficial above and below umbilicus line? - Deep?

A
  • superficial above umbilicus = anterior and posterior axillary nodes - superficial below umbilicus = superficial inguinal nodes - DEEP = parasternal
24
Q

what is the innervation for the anterior abdominal wall?

A

T7-T12 and L1 anterior rami of spinal nerves As anterior rami of T7-T12 pass around body, they give off lateral cutaneous branches and anterior cutaneous branches T12 = subcostal nerve Branches of L1 = Ilioinguinal and Iliohypogastric nerve from Lumbar Plexus

25
Q

key dermatomes of anterior abdominal wall?

A

T7 = Xiphoid T10 = Umbilicus L1 = Inguinal so T11. T12, and L1 supply skin from just below umbilicus to, and including pubic region

26
Q

what is contained in spermatic cord?

A
  1. Spermatic cord (men) 2. Round ligament (women) 3. Ilioinguinal nerve (L1) 4. Genital branch of Genitofemoral Nerve (L2, L3)
27
Q

where is Deep ring located what muscle/fascia does it open from?

A

deep ring of Inguinal canal is 1/2 between the ASIS and pubic tubercle lateral to inferior epigastric vessels Opens from Transversus FASCIA

28
Q

where is Superficial ring located? from what muscle does it open?

A

superior to Pubic Tubercle, above Inguinal Ligament Opens from aponeurosis of the External Oblique muscle

29
Q

Indirect Inguinal hernia?

A

protrudes lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels, through the Deep Inguinal Ring More common Congenital, infants

30
Q

Direct Inguinal hernia?

A

protrudes medial to the inferior epigastric vessels, does NOT go through the inguinal canal pushes through Hesselbach’s Triangle more common in older men

31
Q

Borders of Hesselbach’s Triangle?

A

Lateral = epigastric vessels Medial = lateral edge of the Rectus Abdominis Inferior = inguinal ligamnet

32
Q

other hernia types?

A
  1. Femoral Hernia (more common in women) - through femoral ring, which is below Inguinal ligament 2. epigastric hernia: at linea alba 3. umbilical hernia 4. incisional hernia - after surgery 5. spigelian - at semilunar line
33
Q

what is conjoint tendon formed from? what part of the Inguinal canal does it form?

A

thickened portion of the Inferior Medial aponeurosis of the Internal Oblique and Transversus Abdominis muscle Makes up the medial 1/3 of the POSTERIOR wall of Inguianal canal.

34
Q

what forms the Inguinal ligament? what part of the Inguinal canal does it form?

A
  • aponeurosis of External oblique muscle - Inguinal ligament forms the floor