Lect 1: GI overview Flashcards
what is found at the bottom opening of the stomach?
pyloric sphincter
Absorptive cells line the upper part of the villi and contain _________ which are necessary for the final digestion of proteins and carbohydrates, forming products that can be absorbed.
brush border enzymes
what is the product of the stomach called?
chyme
where is the common bile duct located?
the beginning of the duodenum
the majority of the contents of the chyme are absorbed by ____
mid jejunum
the small intenstine can histologically be distinguished from the large intestine and colon by:
the villus lining
the one-cell thick lining of the small intestines:
enterocytes
what are the two nerve plexuses that line the gi tract? what do they do?
myenteric (movement-mostly local), submucosal (secretion)
where is the submucosal plexus?
between the circular muscle and the submucosa
where is the myenteric plexus?
between the longitudinal and circular muscle
skeletal muscle in the GI tract is found at:
the mouth, upper esophagus and external anal sphincter
the internal area of a villus cells is known as a ____
crypt of Lieberkuhn
what is the first pass effect?
absorbed nutrients go into the portal veins which go directly through the liver.
most fats go into the ____, are dumped into the ____ and go through the _____ back to the ____
lymphatics, large vessels of the thoracic cavity, systemic circulation, liver to be processed
what are the functions of the GI tract?
DEEPMASS digestion, endocrine, elimination, protection, motility, absorption, secretion, storage
fluid intake is about ____
2 Liters/day
saliva secretion is about ____
1.5 liters/day