LEC EXAM #1 CHP 1

Question 1

Anatomy focuses on the ______ of the body.

Physiology focuses on the ______ of living things.

Answer 1

structures

processes/functions

Question 2

Factors required for survival: (5)

Answer 2

• nutrients
• oxygen
• water
• body temp.
• atmospheric pressure

Question 3

Examples of characteristics of life: (5)

Answer 3

• movement
• digestion
• metabolism
• growth
• reproduction

Question 4

Homeostasis:

Answer 4

• “unchanging”

- maintaining stable internal environment, regardless of external environment

Question 5

Automatic/Intrinsic regulation:

Answer 5

cell, tissue, organ

Question 6

Extrinsic regulation:

Answer 6

nervous and endocrine system

Question 7

Sensor:

Answer 7

gives a receptor and locator, senses change

Question 8

Stimulus:

Answer 8

deviation from set point

Question 9

Integrator:

Answer 9

compares signal coming in to set point

Question 10

Effector:

Answer 10

organ or tissue

Question 11

Response:

Answer 11

change that occurs

Question 12

Disturbance:

Answer 12

can’t get back to set point

Question 13

Set point:

Answer 13

normal values

Question 14

Error:

Answer 14

still normal values but not set point

Question 15

Example of feedback loop for body temp:

Answer 15

Stimulus: Increase in body temp
Sensor: Thermoreceptors in skin and hypothalamus
Integrator: Hypothalamus
Effector: Skin blood vessels and sweat glands
Response: Blood vessels in skin vasodilator-> release heat
sweat glands in skin release heat as sweat
Result: Decrease in body temp.

Question 16

Example of feedback loop for blood glucose/sugar:

Answer 16

Stimulus: Increase in blood sugar
Sensor: Beta cells of Isl. of Lang (insulin in blood)
Integrator: Beta cells of Isl. of Lang
Effector: Body cells, adipose, liver and skeletal muscle
Response: Liver and skeletal muscle uptake glucose -> glycogen
Result: Blood sugar decreases

Question 17

Disturbance for blood glucose?

Answer 17

DM

Question 18

Disturbance for body temp?

Answer 18

Hypothermia

Question 19

Levels of organization:

Answer 19

chemical
cellular
tissue
organ
organ system
organism