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LAST CLASS > LEC 6 > Flashcards

LEC 6 Flashcards

1
Q

def? root cause is impaired DNA synthesis, very large cells in BM

A

dermatologic effect

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2
Q

what vitamins are important in DNA synthesis

A

vit B12 and folic acid

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3
Q

in MA what is the issue

A

thymidine nucleotide synthesis

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4
Q

is uracil a nucleotide in DNA or RNA

A

RNA only

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5
Q

in MA is it ineffective hematopoiesis or insufficient hematopoiesis

A

ineffective hematoopoiesis

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6
Q

what is the structure of B12

A

tetrapyrrole

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7
Q

what is the term for folate in food/supplements

A

folic acid

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8
Q

what is increased in the serum of someone with vit B12 deficiency

A

MMA

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9
Q

what enzyme generates methionine

A

methionine synthase

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10
Q

what becomes trapped when there is an issue with methionine synthase

A

folate (5-methyl THF)

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11
Q

in b12 or folate deficiency what cannot be converted into methionine

A

homocysteine

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12
Q

(B12 def) what happens when folate leaks out of the cell

A

reduction in intra cellular folate conc

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13
Q

what is the MCV for megaloblastic anemia

A

around 120 fL

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14
Q

what are the PBS characteristics of megaloblastic anemia (3)

A
  • oval macrocytes
  • hyperseg neutrophils
  • pancytopenia
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15
Q

describe the retic count in MA and why

A

decreased because cell division is the problem

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16
Q

why is pancytopenia a symptom in MA

A

because impaired DNA synthesis effects all cells in the body

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17
Q

which cells rapidly divide

A

skin, GI, and hematopoietic tissue

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18
Q

describe the hematopoietic tissue in MA

A

increased cellularity

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19
Q

what impairs DNA synthesis in MA

A

vitamin B12 or Folate def

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20
Q

what is required for thymidine production

A

vit B12 and folate

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21
Q

true or False: cells in MA will have an immature nucleus and a mature cytoplasm

A

T

22
Q

why is the cytoplasm able to mature normally in MA

A

RNA function is not affected by Vitamin B12 or folate def

23
Q

what alimentary tract symptoms do MA have

A

glossitis and loss of epithelium along GI tract

24
Q

def? loss of epithelium on tongue results in a smooth surface and soreness

A

glossitis

25
Q

vit B12 or folate def? neurological symptoms

A

vit b12

26
Q

vit B12 or folate def? develops fasters and why

A

folate because there is b12 storage in the body

27
Q

MA because of a folate deficiency has an increased risk of what

A

cardiovascular disease

28
Q

t or f: vit b12 is heat liable

A

F

29
Q

is it common for someone to be vit b 12 def due to diet

A

no

30
Q

what causes pernicious anemia

A

lack of intrinsic factor causing impaired vit b12 absorption

31
Q

def? mucosal epithelia cell found in base of gastric pits of stomach that secrete HCl and intrinsic factor

A

parietal cells

32
Q

def? epithelia cells that make up the mucosa of the intestine and absorb nutrients and transport them into circulation

A

enterocytes

33
Q

def? glycoprotein secreted by parietal cells and is essential for vit b12 absorption

A

intrinsic factor

34
Q

def? aka transcobalamin I and is a carrier of salivary protein that protects acid sensitive vit b12 while it moves through the stomach

A

haptocorrin

35
Q

def? enzyme that is released by chief cells in the stomach and that degrades food protein into peptides

A

pepsin

36
Q

def? digestive enzyme produced by. pancreas that breaks down protein in the small intestine

A

trypsin

37
Q

def? energy-using process by which cells absorb molecules by engulfing them

A

endocytosis

38
Q

def? lowermost section of the small intestine

A

terminal ileum

39
Q

what kind of food has folic acid

A

leafy green veggies

40
Q

t or f: folic acid is heat liable

A

T

41
Q

t or f: folate def can result from poor diet

A

T

42
Q

what % of folate is absorbed from ingestion

A

50%

43
Q

what can cause decreased absorption of folate

A

medicine

44
Q

how is folate def treated

A

folic acid supplement

45
Q

what pts are more at risk of a folate def

A

dialysis pts

46
Q

what lab results help with diagnosing MA

A

high serum bilirubin and high LDH

47
Q

t or f: in microcytic nonmegaloblastic anemia DNA synthesis is unimpaired

A

t

48
Q

what PBS morphology is not seen in microcytic nonmegaloblastic anemia that is seen in MA

A

hyperseg neutrophils

49
Q

what is the hb level of a newborn

A

increased

50
Q

what disease is a result of macrocytic nonmegaloblastic anemia with round microcytes and target cells

A

liver disease

51
Q

anemia? characterized by round microcytes and spur cells

A

liver disease caused by alcoholism

52
Q

best lab test for pernicious anemia

A

detection of ab against IF and serum gastrin level

LAST CLASS (15 decks)

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