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LAST CLASS > Lab Exam 1 > Flashcards

Lab Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

hematocrit formula

A

(RBC/total vol) *100

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1
Q

MCV formula

A

(hematocrit/ RBC count) *10

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2
Q

MCH formula

A

(Hb/ RBC count) *10

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3
Q

MCHC formula

A

(Hb/hematocrit) *100

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4
Q

% retics formula

A

(# of retics/ 1000 RBC) *100

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5
Q

retic index corrected formula

A

% retics * pt’s hematocrit/ hematocrit of 45 (M) or 42 (F)

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6
Q

retic production index

A

retic index/ maturation time

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7
Q

what does it mean if RPI is less than 3

A

BM is not responding

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8
Q

what does it mean if RPI is greater than 3

A

BM is responding

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9
Q

normal range of WBC

A

4500 to 11000

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10
Q

normal range of plt

A

150000 to 450000

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11
Q

disease:
- thrombocytopenia
- schistocytes
- nRBCs
- anisocytosis
- polychromasia

A

MAHA

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12
Q

MAHA PBS findings (5)

A
  • thrombocytopenia
  • schistocytes
  • nRBCs
  • anisocytosis
  • polychromasia
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13
Q

disease?
- abnormal RBCs (stomatocytes)
- Howell-jolly bodies
- hyperseg neutrophils
- increased plt count

A

splenectomy

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14
Q

splenectomy PBS findings (4)

A
  • abnormal RBCs (stomatocytes)
  • Howell-jolly bodies
  • hyperseg neutrophils
  • increased plt count
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15
Q

disease?
- spherocytes
- retics

A

hereditary spherocytosis

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16
Q

spherocytosis PBS findings

A
  • spherocytes
  • retics
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17
Q

disease?
- 100% elliptocytes

A

hereditary elliptocytosis

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18
Q

hereditary elliptocytosis PBS findings

A
  • 100% elliptocytes
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19
Q

disease ?
- dacryocytes
- nRBCs
- normocytic
- normochromic

A

myelophthisic anemia

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20
Q

myelophthisic anemia PBS findings. (4)

A
  • dacryocytes
  • nRBCs
  • normocytic
  • normochromic
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21
Q

what are the 4 types of MAHA

A
  • TTP
  • HUS
  • HELLP
  • DIC
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22
Q

what is the problem in TTP

A

ADAMTS13 mutation

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23
Q

What is the problem with HUS

A

blood clots in the kidney

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24
Q

who is most likely to develop HELLP

A

Pregnancy

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25
Q

why do stomatocytes form

A

ion imbalance in RBC mmb

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26
Q

what causes spherocytes

A

mutation in vertical protein

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27
Q

disease?
- hyperseg neutrophils
- ovalocytes
- macrocytic
- pancytopenia

A

megaloblastic anemia

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28
Q

megaloblastic anemia PBS findings (4)

A
  • hyperseg neutrophils
  • ovalocytes
  • macrocytic
  • pancytopenia
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29
Q

megaloblastic anemia: _____ hemocytstine,

A

increased

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30
Q

what happens to MMA during b12 diffiencey

A

increases

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31
Q

what vit deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia

A

B12 or B9

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32
Q

disease?
- geometric crystals
- target cells

A

Hb C

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33
Q

Hb C PBS findings (2)

A
  • geometric crystals
  • target cells
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34
Q

what gene is mutated with Hb C disease

A

beta gene

35
Q

what does glutamic acid turn into (hb C disease)

A

lysine

36
Q

disease?
- amporphous crystals
-target cells
- nRBCs
- polychromsia

A

Hb SC

37
Q

Hb SC disease PBS findings (4)

A
  • amporphous crystals
  • target cells
  • nRBCs
  • polychromsia
38
Q

what does thymine turn into (sickle cell disease)

A

adenine

39
Q

what does glutamic acid turn into (sickle cell disease)

A

valine

40
Q

heterozygous for Hb S and they are referred to as _____

A

sickle cell trait

41
Q

homozygous for Hb S are referred to as

A

sickle cell disease

42
Q

disease?
- sickle cells
- target cells
- polychromsia (depending on the stage)

A

sickle cell disease

43
Q

sickle cell disease PBS findings (3)

A
  • sickle cells
  • target cells
  • polychromsia (depending on the stage)
44
Q

disease?
- microcytic
- hypo chromic
- poikilocytosis (target cells mostly)
- basophilic stippling

A

beta-thalassemia minor

45
Q

PBS findings of beta-thalassemia minor. (4)

A
  • microcytic
  • hypo chromic
  • poikilocytosis (target cells mostly)
  • basophilic stippling
46
Q

T or F: beta-thalassemia minor will have a normal RDW

A

T

47
Q

disease?
- microcytic
- hypo chromic
- poikilocytosis
- basophilic stippling
- nRBCs

A

beta thalassemia major

48
Q

PBS finding of beta thalassemia major (5)

A
  • microcytic
  • hypo chromic
  • poikilocytosis
  • basophilic stippling
  • nRBCs
49
Q

disease?
- microcytic
- hypo chromic
- high thrombocytoosis

A

IDA

50
Q

PBS findings of IDA (3)

A
  • microcytic
  • hypo chromic
  • high thrombocytoosis
51
Q

disease?
- low ferritin
- high transferrin
- high TIBC

A

IDA

52
Q

disease?
- diff stages of nRBCs
- hyperbilirubinemia

A

hemolytic disease of the newborn

53
Q

PBS findings of hemolytic disease of the newborn (2)

A
  • diff stages of nRBCs
  • hyperbilirubinemia
54
Q

disease?
- rouleaux
- increased M protein

A

multiple myeloma

55
Q

multiple myeloma PBS findings. (2)

A
  • rouleaux
  • increased m protein
56
Q

disease?
- microcytic spherocytes
- fragments
- 2 populations of cells
- thrombocyteosis

A

burns

57
Q

PBS finding of burn pt (4)

A
  • microcytic spherocytes
  • fragments
  • 2 populations of cells
  • thrombocyteosis
58
Q

what are the 4 stages of malaria

A

ring, trophozoite, schizont, and gametocyte

59
Q

what infectious agent has Maltese crosses in RBCs

A

babesia microti

60
Q

what stage of malaria looks like little balls in in RBCs

A

schizont

61
Q

what is happening in the schizont stage of malaria

A

parasite is making more of itself

62
Q

Disease?
- echinocytes
- polychromsia
- codocytes
- schizont/ring stage

A

malaria

63
Q

PBS finding of malaria (4)?

A
  • echinocytes
  • polychromsia
  • codocytes
  • schizont/ring stage
64
Q

what is the deadliest malaria species

A

P. falciparum

65
Q

what is the most common malaria species

A

P. vivax

66
Q

decribe what ring stage malaria looks like

A

small ring

67
Q

decribe what trophozoite stage malaria looks like

A

larger ring

68
Q

decribe what gametocyte stage malaria looks like

A

crescent moon

69
Q

disease?
- thrombocytosis
- plt clumps
- large plts

A

essential thrombocythemia

70
Q

PBS findings of essential thrombocythemia (3)

A
  • thrombocytosis
  • plt clumps
  • large plts
71
Q

what is the normal range of monocytes

A

2- 8%

72
Q

what do you call an increased amount of immature cells (band neutrophils).

A

left shift

73
Q

disease?
- nRBCs
- increased band neutrophils
- codocytes
- microcytes

A

left shift

74
Q

left shift PBS findings (4)

A
  • nRBCs
  • increased band neutrophils
  • codocytes
  • microcytes
75
Q

what magnification is used for hemocytometer

A

10x

76
Q

dilution factor formula

A

(reagent + sample)/ sample

77
Q

WBC / microL formula

A

cell count * DF/ vol (# of squares)

78
Q

set up the vol equation for 8 squares

A

8 ( 110.1)

79
Q

maturation time for Hct 40-45

A

1

80
Q

maturation time for Hct 35-39

A

1.5

81
Q

maturation time for Hct 25-34

A

2

82
Q

maturation time for Hct 15-24

A

2.5

83
Q

maturation time for Hct < 15

A

3

84
Q

normal range of MCV

A

80-100 fL

85
Q

normal range of MCH

A

26-34 pg

86
Q

normal range of MCHC

A

32-36 g/dL

LAST CLASS (15 decks)

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