LEC 5 Flashcards
def? decreased O2 carrying capacity of blood, due to either insufficient Hb or abnormally functioning Hb
anemia
what are the symptoms of anemia
fatigue and shortness of breath
what kind of anemia has pts that crave unusual substances
IDA
if anemia is asymptomatic what does that tell you
slow progression
what will be on the skin of people with anemia
petechiae
what will pts with anemia eyes look like (3)
pallor, jaundice, or hemorrhage
what will pts with anemia mouth look like
mucosal bleeding
what will pts with anemia heart do
have cardiac murmurs or arrhythmias
t or f: people with anemia will have sternal tenderness
t
describe someone with asymptomatic anemia heart beat
normal
what happens in ineffective erthropoiesis
- erythroid precursors are defective
- most cells die the BM
what is the issue with megaloblastic anemia, thalassemia, sideroblastic anemia
ineffective erythropoiesis
what happens in insufficient erythropoiesis
number of erythroid precursors produced in BM is low
what will increase in a pt treated with anemia in 7-10 days
reticulocytes
what does MCHC tell you about anemia
type
what does RDW tell you about anemia
if retics are present
if someone has anemia what is found in a urine test
Hb
_____ is often a symptom of another disease
anemia
what kind of cell size? MCV < 80 fL
microcytic
what kind of cell size? MCV > 100 fL
macrocytic
what kind of cell size? MCV 80 - 100 fL
normocytic
morphology? hemolytic anemias
normocytic/normochromic
what type of anemia is the most common microcytic hypochromic
IDA
morphology of megaloblastic and non-megaloblastic anemia
macrocytic/ normochromic
what type of anemia has BM failure
aplastic
what groups are most at risk for IDA
menstruating women, pregnancy, and breast feeding
what disease would have these test ordered: evaluation of heme synthesis, free erythrocyte protoporophyrin, soluble transferrin receptor, and BM evaluation
IDA
what is the problem with heme synthesis
abnormality of heme synthesis
morphology of sideroblastic anemia
microcytic and hypo chromic
def? accumulation of iron in mitochondria around the nucleus
ringed sideroblast
what chromosome is linked to sideroblastic anemia
X
what disorder will lead to sideroblastic anemia
lead poisoning
what accumulates in heme synthesis of sideroblastic anemia pt
ALA, iron, and protoporphyrin
what is the diff between pappenheimer bodies and sideritic granules
can not see all sideritic granules in wright stain
what kind Hb is increased in beta thalassemia minor
Hb A2
IDA stage?
- iron stores are depleted
- RBCs not effected
stage 1
IDA stage?
- RBCs are produced with not the proper amount of Hb
stage 2
IDA stage?
- IDA has developed
- symptoms are present
stage 3
