Leadership Exam 1 Flashcards
What kind of leader empowers and inspires followers to achieve a common, long-term goal?
transformational
What kind of leader focuses on immediate problems, maintains the status quo, and uses rewards to motivate others?
transactional
What kind of leader inspires others to follow them by modeling a strong internal moral code?
authentic
What is management?
the process of planning, organizing, directing, and coordinating the work within an organization
What is leadership?
the ability to inspire others to achieve the desired outcome
Are effective leaders always in a management position?
NO
Who holds a formal position of power and authority?
Managers
What leadership style makes decisions for the group, uses coercion, and communication goes down the chain of command?
autocratic/authoritarian
When is an autocratic/authoritarian leadership style useful?
- crisis
- bureaucratic settings
- employees with little/no formal education
What leadership style includes the group in decision-making, motivates by supporting staff achievements, and communication goes up and down the chain of command?
democratic
What leadership style makes very few decisions, does little planning, leaves motivation and responsibilities up to individuals, and communication goes up and down the chain of command and between groups?
Laissez-Faire
When is Laissez-Faire leadership effective?
- only if an informal leader evolves
- professional employees
Does delegation transfer authority and responsibility?
YES
Does delegation transfer accountability?
NO
What CAN’T an RN delegate?
- nursing process
- client education
- clinical judgement
RN’s CANNOT delegate something that needs TAPE. What does this stand for?
T: teaching
A: assessment
P: planning
E: evaluating
What are the five rights of delegation?
- right task
- right circumstance
- right person
- right direction/communication
- right supervision/evaluation
What makes a task the “right task” to delegate?
- repetitive
- requires little supervision
- relatively noninvasive
How do you know if it is the “right circumstance” to delegate?
- assess health status/complexity
- assess skill level and workload of AP/LVN
How do you know if you are delegating to the “right person”
- assess the scope of practice
- assess competency/training
- review team member’s performance
What should be communicated when delegating?
- data that needs to be collected
- method and timeline for reporting
- specific tasks to be performed
- expected results, timeliness, expectations for follow up
What should be done when supervising/evaluating delegation?
- monitor performance
- provide feedback
- intervene if necessary
- evaluate if outcomes were met
What can be delegated to a UAP?
- ADL’s
- bathing, grooming, dressing
- toileting
- ambulating, positioning
- feeding (w/o swallow precautions)
- bedmaking, other routine tasks
- specimen collection, I&O’s
- vitals (of stable clients)
- postmortem care
What can be delegated to an LVN?
- monitoring findings (for RN’s ongoing assessment)
- reinforcing patient teaching (from standard care plan)
- trach care
- suctioning
- checking NG tube patency
- administering enteral feedings
- inserting urinary catheter
- administering meds ( NOT IV in some states)
Does assigning involve transferring authority and responsibility?
YES
Does assigning involve transferring accountability?
YES
When should the client’s condition/level of care needed, specific care, and precaution needs be considered?
assigning
What healthcare team member factors should be considered when assigning?
- knowledge/skill level
- supervision needed
- staff mixing
- nurse-to-client ratio
- similar experience
- familiarity with the unit
What is a good nurse-to-client ration?
- 1 stable to 1 unstable
- 2 unstable to 0 other patients
What can be done to deter disruptive behavior?
- an environment of mutual respect
- model appropriate behavior
- support zero tolerance for disruptive behavior
What is an action that is rude, intimidating, and insulting that can include teasing, joking, dirty looks, and uninvited touching?
incivility
What can lateral violence also be referred to as?
horizontal abuse/hostility
Who does lateral violence occur between?
individuals at the same level
What are the common behaviors of lateral violence?
- verbal abuse
- undermining activities
- sabotage
- gossip
- withholding information
- ostracism (exclusion)
What is behavior that is persistent and relentless and is aimed at an individual who has limited ability to defend themselves?
bullying
Who does bullying occur between?
individuals at different levels (perpetrator is at a higher level)
How does the recipient feel when bullied?
- threatened
- disgraced
- vulnerable
What is expected behavior of a certain group in relation to what is considered right and wrong?
ethics
What are the values and beliefs held by a person that guide behavior and decision-making?
morals
What does the ethical theory analyze?
- philosophies
- systems
- ideas
- principles
used to make judgements about what is right and wrong/good and bad
What are two common types of ethical theory?
- utilitarianism (teleological theory)
- deontology theory
What is utilitarianism/teleological theory?
decision-making based on what provides the GREATEST GOOD FOR THE GREATEST NUMBER OF PEOPLE
What is the deontology theory?
decision-making based on OBLIGATIONS, DUTY, AND WHAT ONE CONSIDERS TO BE RIGHT OR WRONG
What ethical principle is the ability of the client to make personal decisions, even when they may not be in the client’s best interest?
autonomy
What ethical principle is providing care in the client’s best interest?
beneficience
What ethical principle is keeping one’s promise to the client about the care offered?
fidelity
What ethical principle is fair treatment related to care, time, and use of resources?
justice
What ethical principle is the nurse’s obligation to do no harm?
nonmaleficence
What ethical principle is the nurse’s duty to tell the truth?
veracity
What makes a problem an ethical dilemma?
- it cannot be solved solely by a review of scientific data
- there is conflict between two moral imperative
- the answer will affect the situation/client
What do nurses act as when working with an ethical dilemma?
- an agent for the client
- a decision-maker regarding nursing practice
Should you prioritize systemic or local?
systemic
Should you prioritize chronic or acute?
acute
Should you prioritize potential or actual problems?
actual
What are the ABCDE’s?
- airway
- breathing
- circulation
- disability
- exposure
What should be assessed first when prioritizing?
safety risks (compare and prioritize greatest risk first)
Who gets priority in mass casualty/disaster triage situations?
clients who have a reasonable chance of survival with prompt intervention
Who is the lowest priority in mass casualty/disaster triage situations?
clients who have a limited likelihood of survival even with intense intervention
What interventions should be exhausted first?
least restrictive/invasive
How should care be organized for optimal time management?
- immediately
- by a specific time
- by the end of the shift
- what can be delegated
When should documentation be done to save time?
immediately after
What tasks should be done first to save time?
hardest
What should be used to plan care to save time?
organizational sheets
What are codes 1-3 of the ANA COE?
the basic values and commitments of the nurse
What is code 4 of the ANA COE?
the nurses accountability to practice
What are codes 5 & 6 of the ANA COE?
the ethical issues related to duty and loyalty, a healthy self, and a healthy workplace
What are codes 7-9 of the ANA COE?
- ethical issues beyond patient encounters
- the nurse’s obligation to address social justice issues through direct action and involvement in health policy
- the responsibility to contribute to nursing knowledge through scholarly inquiry and research
What does provision 1 of the ANA COE say?
The nurse practices with compassion and respect for the inherent dignity, worth, and unique attributes of every person.
Ethical commitment: autonomy, beneficence, veracity, fidelity
What does provision 2 of the ANA COE say?
The nurse’s primary commitment is to the patient, rather an individual, family, group, community, or population.
Ethical commitment: nonmaleficence, justice, veracity
What does provision 3 of the ANA COE say?
The nurse promotes, advocates for, and protects the rights, health, and safety of the patient
What does provision 4 of the ANA COE say?
- The nurse has the authority, accountability, and responsibility for nursing practice.
- makes decisions, takes action consistent with the obligation to promote health and provide optimal care.
What does provision 5 of the ANA COE say?
The nurse owes the same duties to self as to others, including the responsibility to promote health and safety, preserve wholeness of
character and integrity, maintain competence, and continue personal and
professional growth.
What does provision 6 of the ANA COE say?
The nurse, through individual and collective effort, establishes, maintains,
and improves the ethical environment of the work setting and conditions
of employment that is conducive to safe, quality health care.
What does provision 7 of the ANA COE say?
- The nurse, in all roles and settings, advances the profession through
research and scholarly inquiry, professional standards development, and
the generation of both nursing and health policy. - Know and tell evidence-based practice; develop institutional practice
standards; nursing and health policy development/revision.
What does provision 8 of the ANA COE say?
- The nurse collaborates with other health professionals and the public to
protect human rights, promote health diplomacy, and reduce health
disparities. - Human and health disparities
What does provision 9 of the ANA COE say?
- The profession of nursing, collectively through its professional
organizations must articulate nursing values, maintain the integrity of the
profession, and integrate principles of social justice into nursing and
health policy. - Unified voice, create global policy change, personal awareness of
professional documents, responsibility to address the unjust
