Families Exam 5 - Genitourinary Flashcards
What should be assessed with enuresis?
- psychosocial status
- self esteem
What should a child with enuresis do before bed?
empty their bladder
When should fluids be given and restricted with enuresis?
given during the day, restricted at night
What should be restricted after 4 pm with enuresis?
- caffeine/carbonation
- fruit/fruit drinks
What should a child with enuresis avoid?
- diapers
- punishing, scolding, teasing
- holding in pee during the day
Should you wake up a child with enuresis during the night to go to the bathroom?
YES
What happens with urination with a UTI?
- infants scream
- children have pain
What causes frequent urination?
UTI
What should be encouraged when a child has a UTI?
- frequent voiding
- complete emptying of bladder
- fluids
What is the plan of care for a UTI?
- fluids
- culture
- antibiotics
- mild analgesic (acetaminophen)
What are complications of UTI?
- progressive kidney infection
- urosepsis
Where is the urethral opening with hypospadias?
on the bottom of the penis
Where is the urethral opening with epispadias?
on the top of the penis
What is common with epispadias and hypospadias?
urinary retention
Why can’t an infant with hypospadias have a circumcision?
the foreskin is used for surgical repair within the 1st year of life
What does it look like if a female has epispadias?
- wide urethra
- bifold clitoris
- possible exstrophy of the bladder
When is surgery done for epispadias?
within the first year of life
What is important to monitor for with hypospadias?
UTI
What is important to monitor for with epidpadias?
infection
Where is edema seen with nephrotic syndrome?
- facial and periorbital
- lower extremities
What does the urine look like with nephrotic syndrome?
frothy
What does a urinalysis show with nephrotic syndrome?
- proteinuria
- hyaline casts
- few RBC’s
- oval fat bodies
What labs are abnormal with nephrotic syndrome?
- BUN/creatinine: increased
- albumin: decreased
- cholesterol: increased
- H&H: increased
- PLT: increased
- sodium: possibly decreased
What should be restricted with nephrotic syndrome?
sodium/salt
How can infection be prevented with nephrotic syndrome?
TCDB
What should be measured daily with nephrotic syndrome?
- I&O
- abdominal girth
- edema
When should prednisone be given?
- nephrotic syndrome
- with meals
What needs to be increased when taking furosemide?
foods with potassium
What medication for nephrotic syndrome decreases edema?
IV albumin followed by furosemide
What is given if the child cannot tolerate prednisone?
cyclophosphamide
What can be a big sign of acute glomerulonephritis?
a recent upper respiratory or streptococcal infection
What does the urine look like with acute glomerulonephritis?
- cloudy
- tea-colored
When is facial edema worse with acute glomerulonephritis?
in the morning
Where does edema spread to during the day with acute glomerulonephritis?
the extremities and abdomen
Is mild to severe HTN normal with acute glomerulonephritis?
YES
What does a urinalysis show with acute glomerulonephritis?
protein and blood
What might be restricted with acute glomerulonephritis?
- fluid and sodium
- if experiencing oliguria, potassium
What type of meals should a patient with acute glomerulonephritis have?
small, frequent meals of favorite foods
What should you monitor with acute glomerulonephritis?
- I&O
- VS
- daily weights
- neuro status
- behavior changes
- skin breakdown
What is important to manage during HTN and edema with acute glomerulonephritis?
fluid restriction
What precautions may be necessary with acute glomerulonephritis?
seizure
What medications are used for acute glomerulonephritis?
- diuretics
- anti-HTN
What does hemolytic uremic syndrome consist of?
- acute renal failure
- hemolytic anemia
- thrombocytopenia
What bleeding manifestations occur with hemolytic uremic syndrome?
- bruising
- purpura
- rectal bleeding
- hematuria
- decreased H&H
What can be present in the diarrhea with hemolytic uremic syndrome?
E. coli
What should be avoided with hemolytic uremic syndrome?
- undercooked meat
- unpasteurized apple juice
- unwashed raw veggies
- public pools
- antimotility meds
When is hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis used with hemolytic uremic syndrome?
- anuria for 24 hours
- oliguria with uremia
- HTN
- seizures
When would blood transfusions be used for hemolytic uremic syndrome?
- fluid replacement
- severe anemia
What should be done once V/D stops with hemolytic uremic syndrome?
enteral feedings
What does discharge look like with vulvovaginitis?
- thick
- white
- possible fish smell
What medication should be used for vulvovaginitis?
metronidazole
When should the client wear cotton underpants and avoid douching/powders?
vulvovaginitis
