Families Exam 5 - neoplastic Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the malignancy occur with Wilm’s tumor?

A

in the kidneys or abdomen

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2
Q

What are signs of metastasis with Wilm’s tumor?

A
  • dyspnea
  • SOB
  • cough
  • chest pain
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3
Q

What does the mass feel like with Wilm’s tumor?

A
  • painless
  • firm
  • nontender
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4
Q

What is important to monitor after surgical removal of Wilm’s tumor?

A
  • GI/GU function
  • infection
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5
Q

What might be needed pre-op for Wilm’s tumor?

A

chemo/radiation

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6
Q

What labs are done for Wilm’s tumor?

A
  • BUN/creatinine
  • CBC
  • urinalysis
  • abd ultrasound
  • abd/chest CT
  • inferior venacavogram
  • bone marrow aspiration
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7
Q

Where is a neuroblastoma found?

A
  • adrenal gland
  • neck
  • chest
  • pelvis
  • sympathetic chain of the retroperitoneal area
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8
Q

Why are neuroblastomas called “silent tumors”?

A

only 1/2 of children are symptomatic

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9
Q

What treatment is done for a neuroblastoma?

A
  • surgical resection
  • chemo/radiation
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10
Q

What labs are done for a neuroblastoma?

A
  • CBC, coagulation studies
  • urine catecholamines
  • skeletal survey
  • skull/neck/chest/abdominal/bone CT
  • bone marrow aspiration
  • metaiodobenzylguanidine scan
  • biopsy
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11
Q

What are early signs of leukemia?

A
  • low grade fever
  • pallor
  • bruising, petechiae
  • enlarged liver, lymph nodes, joints
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12
Q

What are late signs of leukemia?

A
  • pain
  • hematuria
  • mouth ulcers
  • enlarged kidneys and testicles
  • increased ICP
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13
Q

What is the most definitive diagnosis for leukemia?

A

bone marrow aspiration or biopsy analysis

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14
Q

How is CSF analyzed for leukemia?

A

lumbar puncture

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15
Q

Anemia (erythrocytopenia) can occur with Leukemia and chemotherapy. What are signs of this?

A
  • drowsy/fatigue
  • SOB/ decreased oxygenation
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16
Q

Thrombocytopenia can occur with Leukemia and chemotherapy. What are signs of this?

A

bleeding, bruising

17
Q

Neutropenia can occur with Leukemia and leukocytopenia can occur with chemotherapy. What are signs of this?

18
Q

When should chemotherapy be administered?

A

early in the day

19
Q

What should be given before chemotherapy?

A

antiemetics

20
Q

When is ondansetron contraindicated with chemotherapy?

A

with long QT syndrome

21
Q

Why is filgrastim given for chemotherapy?

A

it stimulates neutrophil production in the bone marrow

22
Q

When might bone pain, splenomegaly, and leukocytosis be seen?

A

when taking filgrastim

23
Q

What is pancytopenia and when does it occur?

A
  • destruction of all blood cells
  • chemotherpay
24
Q

What should be done if a patient experiences mouth ulcers from chemotherapy?

A
  • frequent oral care
  • soft toothbrush
  • lip balm
  • soft, bland foods
  • mouth wash
  • local anesthetics
25
What should be avoided if the patient experiences mouth ulcers from chemotherapy?
- lemon glycerine swabs - lidocaine - hot/spicy foods
26
How can infection be prevented with chemotherapy?
- good hygiene - avoid sick people and crowds - take temp everyday
27
What type of meals should a patient doing chemotherapy eat?
small, frequent, well-balanced
28
What do nurses have to wear when caring for a patient undergoing radiation?
a lead apron
29
What should be monitored at the radiation site?
skin integrity
30
What should you avoid using at the radiation site?
- creams - lotions - soaps - powders - petroleum jelly
31
Why would a patient undergoing radiation need to wear loose long sleeves and a hat?
they need to protect their skin from the sun
32
Why should the skin of a patient undergoing radiation be washed using your hands and lukewarm water and then patted dry?
to avoid washing off marks on the skin that outline targeted areas