Families Exam 4 - immune and infections Flashcards

1
Q

Where is MRSA most common?

A
  • legs
  • groin
  • back of neck
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2
Q

What are characteristics of the bump/infected area caused by MRSA?

A
  • red
  • swollen
  • painful
  • warm to touch
  • full of pus
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3
Q

What antibiotics are used for MRSA?

A
  • topical antibiotics
  • oral antibiotics: doxycycline
  • systemic antibiotics (IV vancomycin) for severe cases
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4
Q

What type of compress is used for MRSA?

A

warm, moist

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5
Q

What type of transmission precautions are used for MRSA?

A

contact

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6
Q

Where does the rash occur for varicella/chickenpox?

A
  • starts at the center of the trunk
  • spreads to face and proximal extremities
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7
Q

When do scabs occur with varicella/chicken pox?

A

approximately 1 week, this means the pt is not contagious anymore

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8
Q

What precautions are used for varicella/chicken pox?

A

contact and airborne

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9
Q

When do koplik spots occur?

A

with measels, appears 2 days before rash

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10
Q

What precautions are used for measels?

A

droplet precautions

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11
Q

Where do koplik spots occur?

A

in the mouth (tiny white spots)

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12
Q

When would you see a sore throat, swollen lymph glands, loss of appetite, increased WBC’s, splenomegaly, hepatic involvement, fever, HA?

A

mononucleosis

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13
Q

Why should contact sports be avoided with mononucleosis?

A

splenomegaly

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14
Q

What precautions are used for mononucleosis?

A

standard

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15
Q

What does the rash look like with fifth’s disease?

A
  • red
  • slapped cheek appearance
  • lace-like rash on extremities: maculopapular red spots symmetrically distributed on upper and lower extremities progressing proximally to distal surfaces
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16
Q

What precautions are used for fifth’s disease?

A

droplet

17
Q

What medications are used for communicable diseases?

A
  • antipyretics: fever
  • antipruritic: itching
  • analgesics
  • fluids
  • calamine lotion
18
Q

How should linens be washed with communicable diseases?

A

daily with mild detergent

19
Q

How should a patient with otitis media be positioned?

A

upright

20
Q

What are priority interventions for otitis media?

A
  • pain meds
  • manage fever
  • diversional activities
21
Q

How are medications administered for a child <3 years old?

A

pull pinna down and back

22
Q

How are medications administered for a child >3 years old?

A

pull pinna up and back

23
Q

What should the fluid feel like when putting it in the ear?

A

warm

24
Q

What should be done after the medicine is put in the ear?

A

massage the outer area for a few mins

25
Q

How can HIV/AIDS be transmitted to a child?

A
  • perinatally
  • through breast milk
  • exposure to blood/bodily fluids
  • sexual abuse
  • unprotected sex
  • IV substance use
26
Q

What should you educate the patient on with HIV/AIDS?

A
  • transmission
  • they will be on lifelong meds
27
Q

What immunization is given at birth?

A

heb B
- B = birth

28
Q

What immunizations are given at 2 months old?

A
  • hep B
  • DTaP
  • Hib
  • polio
  • PCV
  • rotavirus
29
Q

What immunizations are given at 4 months old?

A
  • DTaP
  • Hib
  • polio
  • PCV
  • rotavirus
30
Q

What immunizations are given at 6 months old?

A

SAME AS 6 MONTHS
- hep B
- DTaP
- Hib
- polio
- PCV
- rotavirus
CAN START GETTING ANNUAL FLU VACCINE

31
Q

What immunizations are given from 12-18 months?

A
  • DTaP
  • Hib
  • PCV
  • MMR
  • varicella
  • hep A
  • annual flu vaccine
32
Q

What immunizations are given from 4-6 years old?

A
  • DTaP
  • polio
  • MMR
  • varicella
  • annual flu shot