Families Exam 4 - immune and infections Flashcards
Where is MRSA most common?
- legs
- groin
- back of neck
What are characteristics of the bump/infected area caused by MRSA?
- red
- swollen
- painful
- warm to touch
- full of pus
What antibiotics are used for MRSA?
- topical antibiotics
- oral antibiotics: doxycycline
- systemic antibiotics (IV vancomycin) for severe cases
What type of compress is used for MRSA?
warm, moist
What type of transmission precautions are used for MRSA?
contact
Where does the rash occur for varicella/chickenpox?
- starts at the center of the trunk
- spreads to face and proximal extremities
When do scabs occur with varicella/chicken pox?
approximately 1 week, this means the pt is not contagious anymore
What precautions are used for varicella/chicken pox?
contact and airborne
When do koplik spots occur?
with measels, appears 2 days before rash
What precautions are used for measels?
droplet precautions
Where do koplik spots occur?
in the mouth (tiny white spots)
When would you see a sore throat, swollen lymph glands, loss of appetite, increased WBC’s, splenomegaly, hepatic involvement, fever, HA?
mononucleosis
Why should contact sports be avoided with mononucleosis?
splenomegaly
What precautions are used for mononucleosis?
standard
What does the rash look like with fifth’s disease?
- red
- slapped cheek appearance
- lace-like rash on extremities: maculopapular red spots symmetrically distributed on upper and lower extremities progressing proximally to distal surfaces
What precautions are used for fifth’s disease?
droplet
What medications are used for communicable diseases?
- antipyretics: fever
- antipruritic: itching
- analgesics
- fluids
- calamine lotion
How should linens be washed with communicable diseases?
daily with mild detergent
How should a patient with otitis media be positioned?
upright
What are priority interventions for otitis media?
- pain meds
- manage fever
- diversional activities
How are medications administered for a child <3 years old?
pull pinna down and back
How are medications administered for a child >3 years old?
pull pinna up and back
What should the fluid feel like when putting it in the ear?
warm
What should be done after the medicine is put in the ear?
massage the outer area for a few mins
How can HIV/AIDS be transmitted to a child?
- perinatally
- through breast milk
- exposure to blood/bodily fluids
- sexual abuse
- unprotected sex
- IV substance use
What should you educate the patient on with HIV/AIDS?
- transmission
- they will be on lifelong meds
What immunization is given at birth?
heb B
- B = birth
What immunizations are given at 2 months old?
- hep B
- DTaP
- Hib
- polio
- PCV
- rotavirus
What immunizations are given at 4 months old?
- DTaP
- Hib
- polio
- PCV
- rotavirus
What immunizations are given at 6 months old?
SAME AS 6 MONTHS
- hep B
- DTaP
- Hib
- polio
- PCV
- rotavirus
CAN START GETTING ANNUAL FLU VACCINE
What immunizations are given from 12-18 months?
- DTaP
- Hib
- PCV
- MMR
- varicella
- hep A
- annual flu vaccine
What immunizations are given from 4-6 years old?
- DTaP
- polio
- MMR
- varicella
- annual flu shot
