LCT4: Research&Studies

Question 1

Three types of research

Answer 1

1) Descriptive
2) Correlational
3) Experimental

Question 2

What is a descriptive study?

Answer 2

Goal is to observe and describe - “naturalistic”

Question 3

What is a correlational study?

Answer 3

Goal is to identify relationships between variables

Question 4

Correlation does not equal what?

Answer 4

Causation

Question 5

Third-variable Issue

Answer 5

another variable might be related and be the cause of difference

Question 6

What is an experimental study?

Answer 6

Goal is to determine causation (test “casual” hypotheses by “manipulating” and “measuring” variables)

Question 7

What must the data be? (3 things)

Answer 7

• Valid (meaningful)
• Reliable (consistent/stable)
• Accurate

Question 8

External Validity

Answer 8

the extent to which the study’s findings can be generalized beyond the sample

Question 9

Internal Validity

Answer 9

the extent to which the data collected address the research hypotheses

Question 10

Higher internal validity means….

Answer 10

Lower external validity (and vise versa)

Question 11

Experimenter Expectancy Effect

Answer 11

changes in the behavior of the subject due to observer bias (Researcher: Rosenthal)

Question 12

Reactivity

Answer 12

knowing they are being observed influences how participants behave

Question 13

How do you control for bias?

Answer 13

Double-Blind Observation