land cover change between different countries Flashcards
describe the government policy in Australia
government policy in Australia is strict in terms of rehabilitation of mine sites and other deforested areas
part of the indigenous land use agreement 2005 which allows land to be leased out for mining while indigenous people still own the rights
WA forest management plan 2024-2033 includes restrictions on forestry and preserves around 400,000 hectares of jarrah, karri and wandoo forest. however, the plan doesn’t prevent the clearing of native forests for mining
policies such as this show a change in some aspects of government attitudes towards land cover change, with a push for sustainable timber products and softwood plantations receiving $350 million from WA government
what is an example of government policy in Australia
the argyle mine site which closed in 2020. prior to this, it was responsible for producing over 90 per cent of the world’s pink diamonds. rehabilitation of this mine will take around 5 years to complete, with an additional period of monitoring before the land is required
describe government policy in brazil
throughout brazils history, the government encouraged economic growth by identifying the amazon rainforest as an area for productivity
1928-1988, 20,000 square km of forest was cut down
with government policy changes, there have been waves of protection of the amazon with a decline of 83% in the rate of deforestation between 2004-2014
the forest code stated that 20% of farmland could be cleared and the rest has to be left as native vegetation. however, this percentage grew to 24% in 2014-2015 and 29% in 2015-1016 as a result of changes in government and pressure from lobbyists
the ruralistors were one of the main forces behind the lobbies and their influence in parliament grew from 17% to 44% of congress
what is an example of government policy in brazil
they built the trans amazonian highway to allow easier access into parts of the amazon and gave out free plots of land and paid citizens to farm more remote parts that were built difficult to access
describe the type of economy in Australia
agriculture accounts for 55% of land use and mining
Australia is a world-leading producer of minerals such as bauxite, iron ore, lithium and gold. which contributes 300 billion to the Australian economy
land ownership and government policy have a relationship between agriculture, mining and land cover change
therefore rural areas away from urban settlements are where large scale land cover change has occurred in the past
most recent land cover change occurring in remote areas where minerals are found and areas adjacent to existing urban settlements
what is an example of Australian type of economy
as much of Australian economy relies on the export of primary goods e.g iron ore, the economy is largely natural resources based with 12% of Australia’s exports from agriculture in 2020-21
describe the type of economy in brazil
as s developing country, it has harnessed its natural resources to grow to have one of the top ten highest CDP
this growth has been fueled by the exploitation of natural resources without strict laws protecting land degradation and the requirement of rehabilitation, resulting in significant impacts
brazil has around 3.7 million square km of protected public and private lands but faces pressure to utilise this land to continue its period of economic growth
what is an example of the type of economy in brazil
similar to Australia, brazil economy is largely based on primary exports, such as soybean, beef, sugar, ethanol and iron ore
31% of brazil is dedicated to agriculture, with the sector responsible for 21% of employment
