Laboratory Safety and Waste Disposal Flashcards
it is a source or a situation with a potential for causing harm
hazard
it is the potential that a chosen action will lead to an undesirable outcome
risk
what are the different types of hazard
physical
biological
chemical
electrical
fire/ explosive
sharp
radioactive
identify the type of hazard:
infectious agent
biological hazard
identify the type of hazard:
preservatives and reagents
chemical hazard
identify the type of hazard:
undergrounded or wet equipment and frayed cords
electrical hazard
identify the type of hazard:
wet floors, heavy boxes and patients
physical hazard
identify the type of hazard:
needles, lancets and broken glass
sharp hazard
identify the type of hazard:
equipment and radioisotopes
radioactive hazard
identify the type of hazard:
open flames and organic chemicals
fire/ explosive hazard
identify the possible injury of biological hazard
bacterial
fungal viral
parasitic infections
identify the possible injury of physical hazard
falls, sprain
identify the possible injury of chemical hazard
exposure to agents that are poisonous etc
identify the possible injury of electrical hazard
burns or shocks
identify the possible injury of fire/explosive hazard
burns or dismemberment
identify the possible injury of sharp hazard
cuts, punctures
identify the possible injury of radioactive hazard
damage to fetus or generalized overexposure to radiation
it is known as a potential source of harm caused by biological materials
biological hazard
infection transmission requires the presence of certain components, which make up what is referred to as the _____________
chain of infection
it is the transmission of the agent from its reservoir through the portal of exit then enters through the porta of exit to infect a susceptible host
the chain of infection
the flow of the chain of infection
infectious agent > reservoir > portal of exit > mode of transmission > portal of entry > susceptible host
examples of infectious agent in the chain of infection
bacteria
fungi
parasites
virus
examples of reservoir in the chain of infection
human
animal
insects
body fluids
blood
examples of portal exit in the chain of infection
nose
mouth
mucous membrane
specimen collection
examples of mode of transmission in the chain of infection
droplet
airborne
contact
airborne
vehicle
examples of portal of entry in the chain of infection
nose
mouth
mucous membrane
skin
unsterile equipment
examples of susceptible host in the chain of infection
patients
elderly
newborns
immuno-compromised healthcare workers
how to break the link for infectious agent
early detection
treatment of infectious agents
how to break the link for reservoir
disinfection
hand hygiene
how to break the link for portal of exit
hand hygiene
standard precautions
sealed biohazardous waste containers
sealed specimen containers
how to break the link for mode of transmission
hand hygiene
standard precautions
PPE
patient isolation
how to break the link for susceptible host
immunization
patient isolation
healthy lifestyle
it includes guidelines designed to protect laboratory personnel from potential hazards in the clinical laboratory
laboratory safety
what are the agencies involves in the design of laboratory safety and guidelines
OSHA - occupational safety and health administration
CDC - centers for disease of control and prevention
CLSI - clinical and laboratory standards institute
it ensures safe and healthy working conditions for workers by setting and enforcing standards and by providing training, outreach, education and assistance
OSHA
it provides the guidelines for writing standard procedures and policies
CLSI
a federal agency that conducts and support health promotion, prevention and preparedness activities
CDC
UP is developed in _____ by _____ in response to the increase in blood- borne diseases
1985
CDC
BSI
body substance isolation
US
universal precautions
true or false
UP and BSI assumes that all blood and most body fluids were potentially infectious
true
which infection control system went beyond UP by requiring personnel to wear gloves when in contact with any substances
body substance isolation
standard precautions were released by ____ in ____
1996
CDC
it combines the recommendations of universal precautions with body substance isolation
standard precautions
occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens standard was first published by _____ in _____ to protect healthcare workers from exposure to bloodborne pathogens
OSHA 1991
any accidental incident should be evaluated right away to ensure appropriate postexposure prophylaxis is initiate within ______
24 hours
what are the 5 major categories of measure for controlling biological rish in laboratory
elimination
substitution
engineering controls
administrative controls
PPE
identify the mitigation control measures:
physically remove the hazard
elimination
identify the mitigation control measures:
replace the hazard
substitution
identify the mitigation control measures:
isolate people from the hazard
engineering controls
identify the mitigation control measures:
change the way people work
administrative controls
identify the mitigation control measures:
protect the worker with PPE
personal protective equipment
it is a specialized clothing or equipment worn by an employee for identify the mitigation control measures protection against infectious agent
personal protective equipment
what is the most recommended glove. explain
nitril gloves
more durable and hypoallergenic
what are the 2 types of lab coat and gowns
front button cotton lab gown
rear fastening lab gown
when to wear the front button cotton lab gown
when dealing with less hazardous reagent
when to wear the rear fastening lab gown
when dealing with potentially infectious agent
it protects the personnel from potential splash to eyes/ face during procedures such as spill clean up, invasive procedures and other high risk activities
face shields/ googles
it s required when entering the rooms of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and other diseases with airborne transmission
respirators
true or false
respirator must fit snuggly with no air leaks
true
NIOSH
national institute for occupational safety and health
NIOSH-approved respirator is the ____
N95
it is the single most important way to prevent the spread of infection
hand hygiene
hand hygiene includes
hand washing
alcohol- based hand cleaners
how many seconds at least for handwashing
at least 30 seconds
alcohol-based hand cleaners concentration is used for disinfection and antiseptic is ____
70%
all needles and sharps must be placed in _________ labeled or color coded as __________
puncture-resistant, leakproof containers labeled or color coded as biohazard
the sharp’s container is denoted by the symbol _______
biohazard with a red background
chemicals that produce a toxic or irritant vapor must be used only in an approved _________
chemical fume hood
OSHA under its hazard communication standard mandates chemical manufactures, distributors or importers to supply customer with with a …
globally harmonized system (GHS) standardized 16-section safety data sheet
exposures to radiation depends on the combination of ____, ______ and ______
time
distance
shieldinng
it checks the radiation of a personnel
dosimeter badge
RACE
rescue
alarm
contain
evacuate/ extinguish
RACE is being followed when a ____ is discovered
fire
repetitive tasks performed in the laboratory can put stress on the body causing disorders in postures or position
ergonomic hazards
it refers to the waste generated as a result of patient diagnoses, treatment, or immunization of human beings or animals
medical waste
what are the 3 types of form of medical waste
solid
liquid
sharps
what are the components of waste management
packaging
segregation
storage and transport
treatment
treated biological waste
true or false
colder temperature cause higher rates of microbiological growth and putrefaction resulting in odor problems
false - warm temperature
true or false
waste management: under storage and transport,
it is only transported by wheeled trolleys/ containers/ carts
true
which treatment is preferred treatment for liquid wastes
chemical disinfection
waste is burned at very high temperatures
incineration
it is a preferred treatment for liquid waste
chemical disinfection
what is the universal precaution
hand washing
this information describes the hazards of the chemical, the PPE required and the body organs that could be adversely affected following exposure to the chemical
materials safety data sheet (MSDS)
NFPA
national fire protection association
what are the 4 hazardous materials classification
health hazard
fire hazard
sepcific hazard
reactivity
what are the steps of hand washing
wet hands with warm water
apply soap
rub, create friction, loosen debris
clean betewwn fingers / thumbs nd up to the wrists
rinse in a downward posistion
dry with a paper towel
turn off faucet with a paper towel
