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2023 SEM 1 ANAPHY (LAB) > Laboratory Safety and Waste Disposal > Flashcards

Laboratory Safety and Waste Disposal Flashcards

1
Q

it is a source or a situation with a potential for causing harm

A

hazard

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2
Q

it is the potential that a chosen action will lead to an undesirable outcome

A

risk

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3
Q

what are the different types of hazard

A

physical
biological
chemical
electrical
fire/ explosive
sharp
radioactive

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4
Q

identify the type of hazard:
infectious agent

A

biological hazard

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5
Q

identify the type of hazard:
preservatives and reagents

A

chemical hazard

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6
Q

identify the type of hazard:
undergrounded or wet equipment and frayed cords

A

electrical hazard

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7
Q

identify the type of hazard:
wet floors, heavy boxes and patients

A

physical hazard

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8
Q

identify the type of hazard:
needles, lancets and broken glass

A

sharp hazard

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9
Q

identify the type of hazard:
equipment and radioisotopes

A

radioactive hazard

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10
Q

identify the type of hazard:
open flames and organic chemicals

A

fire/ explosive hazard

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11
Q

identify the possible injury of biological hazard

A

bacterial
fungal viral
parasitic infections

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12
Q

identify the possible injury of physical hazard

A

falls, sprain

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13
Q

identify the possible injury of chemical hazard

A

exposure to agents that are poisonous etc

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14
Q

identify the possible injury of electrical hazard

A

burns or shocks

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15
Q

identify the possible injury of fire/explosive hazard

A

burns or dismemberment

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16
Q

identify the possible injury of sharp hazard

A

cuts, punctures

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17
Q

identify the possible injury of radioactive hazard

A

damage to fetus or generalized overexposure to radiation

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18
Q

it is known as a potential source of harm caused by biological materials

A

biological hazard

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19
Q

infection transmission requires the presence of certain components, which make up what is referred to as the _____________

A

chain of infection

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20
Q

it is the transmission of the agent from its reservoir through the portal of exit then enters through the porta of exit to infect a susceptible host

A

the chain of infection

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21
Q

the flow of the chain of infection

A

infectious agent > reservoir > portal of exit > mode of transmission > portal of entry > susceptible host

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22
Q

examples of infectious agent in the chain of infection

A

bacteria
fungi
parasites
virus

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23
Q

examples of reservoir in the chain of infection

A

human
animal
insects
body fluids
blood

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24
Q

examples of portal exit in the chain of infection

A

nose
mouth
mucous membrane
specimen collection

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25
Q

examples of mode of transmission in the chain of infection

A

droplet
airborne
contact
airborne
vehicle

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26
Q

examples of portal of entry in the chain of infection

A

nose
mouth
mucous membrane
skin
unsterile equipment

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27
Q

examples of susceptible host in the chain of infection

A

patients
elderly
newborns
immuno-compromised healthcare workers

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28
Q

how to break the link for infectious agent

A

early detection
treatment of infectious agents

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29
Q

how to break the link for reservoir

A

disinfection
hand hygiene

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30
Q

how to break the link for portal of exit

A

hand hygiene
standard precautions
sealed biohazardous waste containers
sealed specimen containers

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31
Q

how to break the link for mode of transmission

A

hand hygiene
standard precautions
PPE
patient isolation

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32
Q

how to break the link for susceptible host

A

immunization
patient isolation
healthy lifestyle

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33
Q

it includes guidelines designed to protect laboratory personnel from potential hazards in the clinical laboratory

A

laboratory safety

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34
Q

what are the agencies involves in the design of laboratory safety and guidelines

A

OSHA - occupational safety and health administration
CDC - centers for disease of control and prevention
CLSI - clinical and laboratory standards institute

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35
Q

it ensures safe and healthy working conditions for workers by setting and enforcing standards and by providing training, outreach, education and assistance

A

OSHA

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36
Q

it provides the guidelines for writing standard procedures and policies

A

CLSI

37
Q

a federal agency that conducts and support health promotion, prevention and preparedness activities

A

CDC

38
Q

UP is developed in _____ by _____ in response to the increase in blood- borne diseases

A

1985
CDC

39
Q

BSI

A

body substance isolation

40
Q

US

A

universal precautions

41
Q

true or false
UP and BSI assumes that all blood and most body fluids were potentially infectious

A

true

42
Q

which infection control system went beyond UP by requiring personnel to wear gloves when in contact with any substances

A

body substance isolation

43
Q

standard precautions were released by ____ in ____

A

1996
CDC

44
Q

it combines the recommendations of universal precautions with body substance isolation

A

standard precautions

45
Q

occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens standard was first published by _____ in _____ to protect healthcare workers from exposure to bloodborne pathogens

A

OSHA 1991

46
Q

any accidental incident should be evaluated right away to ensure appropriate postexposure prophylaxis is initiate within ______

A

24 hours

47
Q

what are the 5 major categories of measure for controlling biological rish in laboratory

A

elimination
substitution
engineering controls
administrative controls
PPE

48
Q

identify the mitigation control measures:
physically remove the hazard

A

elimination

49
Q

identify the mitigation control measures:
replace the hazard

A

substitution

50
Q

identify the mitigation control measures:
isolate people from the hazard

A

engineering controls

51
Q

identify the mitigation control measures:
change the way people work

A

administrative controls

52
Q

identify the mitigation control measures:
protect the worker with PPE

A

personal protective equipment

53
Q

it is a specialized clothing or equipment worn by an employee for identify the mitigation control measures protection against infectious agent

A

personal protective equipment

54
Q

what is the most recommended glove. explain

A

nitril gloves
more durable and hypoallergenic

55
Q

what are the 2 types of lab coat and gowns

A

front button cotton lab gown
rear fastening lab gown

56
Q

when to wear the front button cotton lab gown

A

when dealing with less hazardous reagent

57
Q

when to wear the rear fastening lab gown

A

when dealing with potentially infectious agent

58
Q

it protects the personnel from potential splash to eyes/ face during procedures such as spill clean up, invasive procedures and other high risk activities

A

face shields/ googles

59
Q

it s required when entering the rooms of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and other diseases with airborne transmission

A

respirators

60
Q

true or false
respirator must fit snuggly with no air leaks

A

true

61
Q

NIOSH

A

national institute for occupational safety and health

62
Q

NIOSH-approved respirator is the ____

A

N95

63
Q

it is the single most important way to prevent the spread of infection

A

hand hygiene

64
Q

hand hygiene includes

A

hand washing
alcohol- based hand cleaners

65
Q

how many seconds at least for handwashing

A

at least 30 seconds

66
Q

alcohol-based hand cleaners concentration is used for disinfection and antiseptic is ____

A

70%

67
Q

all needles and sharps must be placed in _________ labeled or color coded as __________

A

puncture-resistant, leakproof containers labeled or color coded as biohazard

68
Q

the sharp’s container is denoted by the symbol _______

A

biohazard with a red background

69
Q

chemicals that produce a toxic or irritant vapor must be used only in an approved _________

A

chemical fume hood

70
Q

OSHA under its hazard communication standard mandates chemical manufactures, distributors or importers to supply customer with with a …

A

globally harmonized system (GHS) standardized 16-section safety data sheet

71
Q

exposures to radiation depends on the combination of ____, ______ and ______

A

time
distance
shieldinng

72
Q

it checks the radiation of a personnel

A

dosimeter badge

73
Q

RACE

A

rescue
alarm
contain
evacuate/ extinguish

74
Q

RACE is being followed when a ____ is discovered

A

fire

75
Q

repetitive tasks performed in the laboratory can put stress on the body causing disorders in postures or position

A

ergonomic hazards

76
Q

it refers to the waste generated as a result of patient diagnoses, treatment, or immunization of human beings or animals

A

medical waste

77
Q

what are the 3 types of form of medical waste

A

solid
liquid
sharps

78
Q

what are the components of waste management

A

packaging
segregation
storage and transport
treatment
treated biological waste

79
Q

true or false
colder temperature cause higher rates of microbiological growth and putrefaction resulting in odor problems

A

false - warm temperature

80
Q

true or false
waste management: under storage and transport,
it is only transported by wheeled trolleys/ containers/ carts

A

true

81
Q

which treatment is preferred treatment for liquid wastes

A

chemical disinfection

82
Q

waste is burned at very high temperatures

A

incineration

83
Q

it is a preferred treatment for liquid waste

A

chemical disinfection

84
Q

what is the universal precaution

A

hand washing

85
Q

this information describes the hazards of the chemical, the PPE required and the body organs that could be adversely affected following exposure to the chemical

A

materials safety data sheet (MSDS)

86
Q

NFPA

A

national fire protection association

87
Q

what are the 4 hazardous materials classification

A

health hazard
fire hazard
sepcific hazard
reactivity

88
Q

what are the steps of hand washing

A

wet hands with warm water
apply soap
rub, create friction, loosen debris
clean betewwn fingers / thumbs nd up to the wrists
rinse in a downward posistion
dry with a paper towel
turn off faucet with a paper towel

89
Q
A

2023 SEM 1 ANAPHY (LAB) (15 decks)

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