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Microbiology > Laboratory Exam > Flashcards

Laboratory Exam Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Gram stain controls

A

Positive control: S. epi

Negative control: E. coli

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2
Q

Acid fast stain controls

A

Positive control: M. smeg

Negative control: S. epi

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3
Q

Endospore stain controls

A

Positive control: B. sub

Negative control: E. coli

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4
Q

Gram Negative Bacilli bacteria ID tests

A

Gram stain, MacConkeys, (MACs), Indole, Citrate, TSI

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5
Q

Gram Positive Cocci bacteria ID tests

A

Gram stain, TSY plate,

mannitol salt agar (MSA), Bacitracin

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6
Q

Gram Positive Bacilli bacteria ID tests

A

Gram stain
Acid fast stain
TSI
Endospore stain

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7
Q

Mannitol salt streak (MSA)

A

Streak a line down the middle and then going the same way, inoculate each half separately

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8
Q

MacConkeys streak plate (MACs)

A

Streak a line down the middle then turn the plate halfway and inoculate the entire plate across

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9
Q

Blood agar streak plate

A

Do a lazy river streak in your quadrant from the outer edge of the plate to the middle

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10
Q

TSY streak plate

A

Four quadrant inoculation; touch twice, touch twice, touch once

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11
Q

Bacitracin streak plate

A

Streak a line down the middle of the plate then inoculate the entire plate without turning it

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Z

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12
Q

Penicillin MOA

A

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

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13
Q

Erythromycin MOA

A

Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to 50s ribosomal subunits

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14
Q

Ciprofloxin MOA

A

Inhibition of enzymes required for DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination

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15
Q

Tetracycline MOA

A

Inhibits protein synthesis

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16
Q

Oxacillin MOA

A

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

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17
Q

Sulfodiazine MOA

A

Inhibited by pus; needed for folic acid synthesis

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18
Q

Gram positive results

A

Purple

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19
Q

Gram negative results

A

Pink

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20
Q

Acid-fast results

A

Pink/ red

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21
Q

Nonacid-fast results

A

Purple/ blue

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22
Q

Endospore forming results

A

Green

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23
Q

Nonendospore forming (vegetative) results

A

Pink

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24
Q

TSY results

A

Observe and record colony morphology

25
Q

MacConkeys (MACs)

A

Is there growth? If it does, determine if it is a lactose fermenter or not.

Deep pink colony color (positive) is a lactose fermenter; if not its negative

26
Q

Mannitol salt agar (MSA)

A

Is there growth? If there is determine if it fermented the mannitol or not.

Mannitol fermenter will turn the media yellow (positive); if not its negative

27
Q

Blood agar

A

Record colony morphology and hemolysis pattern. Classify as alpha, beta, or gamma

28
Q

Bacitracin disc

A

Measure the zone of inhibition in millimeters

Zones > 30mm are sensitive to the antibiotic (positive)

Zones < 30mm are resistant to the antibiotic (negative)

29
Q

Indole

A

Red/pink ring formed at the top of the tube indicates a positive test; no ring-negative test

30
Q

Methyl red

A

Pink/ red color is positive; no color change is negative

31
Q

Voges-Proskauer

A

Red color- positive

No color change- negative

32
Q

Citrate

A

Is there growth in the slant? Record the color.

Blue color- positive result

Green color or no change- negative result

33
Q

TSI Glucose only

A

Pink slant (alkaline) over yellow butt (acid)=glucose was fermented

Recorded as K/A meaning only glucose was fermented

34
Q

TSI Glucose, Lactose, and Sucrose

A

Slant and butt are yellow (acid) = A/A meaning all sugars were fermented

Some may have pink slants and butts (alkaline) = K/K or no color change in the butt = K/NC

35
Q

TSI gas

A

Positive if the media has been cracked or the butt has lifted from the tube

Negative if no gas production

36
Q

TSI sulfate reduction

A

Positive if media appears black

37
Q

Decarboxylases

Dehydrolases

A

Media turns yellow- bacteria ferments Glucose which activates the decarboxylase enzymes

Then goes to its original color (purple) after the medium becomes alkaline

38
Q

Aseptic technique

A

Method used to prevent contamination of microorganisms

39
Q

Agar

A

Inert (bacteria won’t eat it) seaweed extract that solidifies at room temperature; gelatin that permits bacterial growth

40
Q

Colony morphology

A

The appearance of colonies; one colony morphology= same color, shape, elevation

41
Q

Selective medium

A

Allows one type of microbe to grow, while making others miserable

42
Q

Differential medium

A

Distinguishes groups of bacteria as they grow on media: you can see a difference

43
Q

Components that make mannitol salt selective

A

7.5% NaCl

44
Q

Product or characteristic that allows the cell to be visualized by the mannitol salt

A

Staphylococci can survive in this high % of salt

45
Q

Components that make mannitol salt differential

A

Mannitol and pH indicators

46
Q

Components that make MacConkeys selective

A

Crystal violet and bile salts inhibit growth of some organisms (Gram Positive bacteria)

47
Q

Components that make MacConkeys differential

A

Addition of lactose and pH indicator

48
Q

Differential stain

A

Shows differences between bacterial cells

Ex: Gram positive cells stain purple, Gram negative cells stain pink/ red

49
Q

Primary stain

A

The first stain used

Ex: in gram staining, the the first stain stains all cells purple with crystal violet

50
Q

Mordant

A

A chemical that fixes in place dye already present

Ex: in gram staining, Grams iodine causes violet to clump together or precipitate

51
Q

Counterstain

A

Used to visualize cells that would otherwise have no stain at the end

Ex: in Gram staining, Safrinin is the counterstain

52
Q

Positive control

A

A given sample that is already known to show a positive result

53
Q

Negative control

A

A given sample that is already known to show a negative result

54
Q

Vegetative cell

A

Stain pink; non-endospore forming

55
Q

Hemolysins

A

Extracellular enzymes that lyse the red blood cells completely

56
Q

Beta hemolysis

A

Produces a clear zone around the colony

57
Q

Alpha hemolysis

A

Greenish discoloration around colony indicating incomplete hemolysis

58
Q

Gamma hemolysis

A

Have no effect on the red cells

Microbiology (17 decks)

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