Chapter 12 Flashcards
Antibiotics
Produced by the process of some microorganisms that can inhibit or destroy other microorganisms
Selectively toxic
They can kill or inhibit the growth of microbes without simultaneously damaging host tissues
Narrow spectrum drugs
Effective on a small range of cell types
Medium spectrum drugs
Effective on both gram positive and negative bacteria but not all types
Broad spectrum drugs
Have the greatest range of activity
Analogs
A compound whose configuration closely resembles another compound required for cellular reactions
Competitive inhibition
Substances that mimic the normal substrate of an enzyme
Metabolic analog
Enzyme that mimics the natural substrate of an enzyme and vies for its active site
Drug resistance
An adaptive response where microorganisms begin to tolerate a drug that would ordinarily be inhibitory
Resistance (R) factors
Resistance through intermicrobial transfer originates from chromosomal genes and plasmids
The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)
The smallest concentration of drug in the series that visibly inhibits growth
