Lab Test 2 (lab 6)

Question 1

Anthropometric measurments are referred to as this for estimating body comp

Answer 1

field techniques

Question 2

3 advantages of anthropometric measurements

Answer 2

inexpensive
mobile
time efficient

Question 3

two types of measuring tools

Answer 3

fat-o-meter

lang calipers

Question 4

disadvantage of AM

Answer 4

not as accurate as UWW

Question 5

three AM we take to determine body comp

Answer 5

circumferences
diameters
skinfolds

Question 6

T/F: measure circumferences in mm

Answer 6

F, cm

Question 7

Circumferences reflect these two things

Answer 7

FW

FFW

Question 8

T/F: there is no gender dependency with circumferences measurements

Answer 8

F, waist vs hip measurements may be slightly different

Question 9

T/F: their is some slight site dependency with circumferences

Answer 9

T, the thigh may be more representative of FFW, where the abdomen may be more FW

Question 10

diameters are associated with this

Answer 10

bone

Question 11

T/F: measure diameters in cm

Answer 11

T

Question 12

diameter measurements are the distance between these

Answer 12

two bony landmarks

Question 13

biacromial, biailiac and bitrochantaric are all examples of

Answer 13

measurements between two bony landmarks

Question 14

T/F: diamters reflect only FW

Answer 14

F, reflects only bony/skeletal size characteristics

Question 15

T/F: skinfolds are measured in cm

Answer 15

F, mm

Question 16

a skinfold measurement contains these 3 things

Answer 16

skin
subcutaneous fat
fascia (sometimes)

Question 17

skinfold measurements reflect only this

Answer 17

FW

Question 18

Statistical methods that are developed and used to relate 2 or more variables

Answer 18

regression equations

Question 19

regression equation in the form of a straight line is

Answer 19

y = m(x) + b

Question 20

example of a regression equation

Answer 20

brozeks equation

Question 21

in the brozeks equation y =

Answer 21

% fat

Question 22

in the brozeks equation m =

Answer 22

slope or 4.57 (rise / run)

Question 23

in the brozeks equation x =

Answer 23

inverse body density

Question 24

in the brozeks equation b =

Answer 24

y-intercept or -4.142

Question 25

what to variables are we relating in the brozeks equation

Answer 25

% fat and body density

Question 26

Development of regression equations: define this

Answer 26

population, who are we measuring

Question 27

Development of regression equations: determine this with UWW

Answer 27

actual body comp using UWW

Question 28

Development of regression equations: take these

Answer 28

series of anthropometric measurments (height, weight, age, various skinfolds)

Question 29

Development of regression equations: determine the most efficient these

Answer 29

measurements based on theory

Question 30

Development of regression equations: questions to ask when developing a theory

Answer 30

where does this population carry most fat? | Is fat depositon related to factors like age, and height?

Question 31

Development of regression equations: A good AM test is this, in that you don't want to spend to muc htime taking unnecessary measurements

Answer 31

practical

Question 32

Development of regression equations: You should choose the most efficient measures with the highest this

Answer 32

correlation

Question 33

See graphs on page 4 and 7 of lab 6 notes for graphs

Answer 33

okay

Question 34

T/F: multiple variables rarely predict better than a single variable

Answer 34

F, often times they do predict better

Question 35

Y = constant + coefficient (Xsub1) + coefficient (Xsub2) is an example of

Answer 35

multiple linear regression model

Question 36

these are extremely population specific

Answer 36

linear regression equations

Question 37

This is an example of a more generalized equation

Answer 37

quadratic (curvilinear) equation

Question 38

quadratic equations allow for this

Answer 38

less error at the extremes of the population measured

Question 39

This type of group requires a quadratic equation

Answer 39

heterogeneous population

Question 40

Criteria for choosing an equation: R-value should be greater than or equal to this for quadratic equations

Answer 40

0.90

Question 41

Criteria for choosing an equation: Standard error estimate is expressed as this

Answer 41

the units of the variable we are predicting

Question 42

Criteria for choosing an equation: standard error estimate represents this

Answer 42

error in our new regresssion equation

Question 43

Criteria for choosing an equation: standard error estimate defines the error of the prediction equation by relating your predicted values to this

Answer 43

UWW values

Question 44

how to use SEE

Answer 44

body density + or - standard error estimate | new body density is plugged into equation to find top and bottom range of %fat

Question 45

Sources of error in UWW (4)

Answer 45

exercising prior to UWW Reading the scale wrong Subjects level of comfort in/under water menstruation has an effect (body water retention)

Question 46

Sources of error using SF

Answer 46

inappropriate landmarks for anthropometric measures (landmarks used for measure may or may not be representative)

Question 47

How to remove some error in SF reading

Answer 47

sites need to be accurate and reliable | sites need to be measured multible times on the same individual

Question 48

These errors can affect both SF and UWW

Answer 48

technique errors

Question 49

examples of technique errors

Answer 49

intra-tester error | inter-tester error

Question 50

intra-tester error

Answer 50

error within a tester (cannot take reliable, consistant measurements)

Question 51

inter-tester error

Answer 51

error between testers (two testers produces different results)