Lab Test 1 (lab 1)

Question 1

This is often used to evaluate performance

Answer 1

muscle strength

Question 2

Strength

Answer 2

the amount of force or tension a muscle or muscle groups can exert against a resistance in one maximal effort

Question 3

Reasons to test strength 4

Answer 3

predict performance
implement a training program
measurement of rehabilitation
identify a muscle imbalance

Question 4

Two reason to predict performance

Answer 4

comparison to normal values

use certain tests to estimate fiber type composition

Question 5

reason to test strength to implement a training program

Answer 5

periodization

Question 6

two reasons to get a measurement of rehabilitation 2

Answer 6

post-trauma (surgery) muscle strength decreases: atrophy

stages of recovery based upon the muscle’s ability to produce force

Question 7

Identifying a muscle imbalance is done doing this

Answer 7

agonist vs antagonist ratios

Question 8

one reason to identify a muscle imbalance

Answer 8

comparison to norms

Question 9

muscle imbalance: knee extension and knee flexion

Answer 9

quads/hamstring ratio

hamstring/quads ratio

Question 10

hamstrings are typically this percent as strong as the quads

Answer 10

65-75%

Question 11

The strength difference in the hams vs the quads is due to

Answer 11

size of two muscle groups

Question 12

Ideal ratio hams vs quads

Answer 12

65%

Question 13

Hamstrings should be at least this % as strong as quads to prevent injury

Answer 13

58%

Question 14

3 ways to measure muscle strength

Answer 14

Isometric
Isotonic
Isokinetic

Question 15

A contraction (or muscle action) with tension, but there is no change in external muscle length. AKA static contraction (or muscle action)

Answer 15

Isometric

Question 16

A muscular contraction (or muscle action) in which a muscle shortens with varying tension while overcoming or lifting a constant resistance through the ROM (range of motion)

Answer 16

Isotonic

Question 17

Maximal tension (force or torque) developed in all joint angles throughout the full ROM. Speed (or velocity) is constant (regardless of how much force is produced, the speed stays the same). There is accommodating resistance at a controlled speed of movement.

Answer 17

Isokinetic

Question 18

THis measure of muscular strength uses an accommodating resistance at a controlled speed of movement

Answer 18

isokinetic

Question 19

4 advantages to isometric testing

Answer 19

inexpensive (not much equipment needed)
time efficient
useful in rehabilitative settings
most facilities/people can do it

Question 20

4 disadvantages to isometric training

Answer 20

joint angle specific
does not reflect increase in strength across an entire ROM
strength values do not relate to a dynamic moment
there is no mathematical work done

Question 21

4 advantages to isotonic testing

Answer 21

better than an isometric muscle action
related to performance/athletics
psychological aspect of seeing the bar or stack move
relatively inexpensive

Question 22

3 disavantages to isotonic testing

Answer 22

measures the weakest point in the ROM
unable to measure strength at any controlled speed
trial-and-error method to attain max

Question 23

DCER

Answer 23

dynamic constant external resistance

Question 24

3 advantages of isokinetic testing

Answer 24

measures strength/force/torque at different joint angles
1-500 x s^-1
they are fancy

Question 25

2 disadvantages of isokinetic testing

Answer 25

expensive (>= $45000)

must know how to operate an isokinetic dynomometer (cant be computer illiterate)

Question 26

3 ways to express strength results

Answer 26

absolute terms
relative terms
strength / lean body weight

Question 27

A limited value in expression of strength results

Answer 27

absolute terms

Question 28

This is a strength-to-weight ratio. A relative value also allows for comparison between individuals

Answer 28

relative terms

Question 29

provides information regarding strength per unit of muscle mass

Answer 29

strength/lean body weight (LBW)

Question 30

2 points on absolute strength results

Answer 30

cannot compare different people with absolute strength or power values
units of foot pounds or newton meters

Question 31

formula for relative strength results

Answer 31

strength value (ft.lbs) / BW (lbs) = relative strength ratio

Question 32

converting ft.lbs to Nm

Answer 32

Strength value (ft.lbs) x 1.3588 = strength value in Nm

Question 33

Relative strength terms do this

Answer 33

takes into account variables

Question 34

Strength / lean body weight allows for this

Answer 34

gender comparisons

Question 35

The cybex II can be used to measure this

Answer 35

concentric flexion and extension for the lower and upper body

Question 36

The cybex II cannot be used to measure this

Answer 36

eccentric movements

Question 37

Isokinetic strength testing can measure peak force production at these joint angles.

Answer 37

various

Question 38

Isotonic strength testing can measure peak force here

Answer 38

at the weakest point in the range of motion

Question 39

This type of strength testing cannot measure the maximal force which can be produced by a muscle and speed of contraction cannot be predetermined

Answer 39

Isotonic

Question 40

Torque vs # of reps

Answer 40

negative slope

Question 41

torque vs ROM

Answer 41

Upside down U shaped slope

Question 42

Torque vs velocity

Answer 42

negative slope

Question 43

Torque vs time

Answer 43

Negative slope
sprinters have a faster drop off
Long distance runners have a slower drop off

Question 44

Peak strength relative to body weight =

Answer 44

Initial peak torque (ft.lbs) over weight (kg)

Question 45

% decline =

Answer 45

(initial peak torque - final peak torque) / initial peak torque all X 100%

Question 46

% fast twitch =

Answer 46

% decline - 5.2 all over 0.9