Lab- heart

Question 1

What is electrocardiogram

Answer 1

Recording of electrical signals from electrodes usually placed on the skin surface

Question 2

What is auricular and atrial surfaces of the heart

Answer 2

The ventral surface of the heart is called the auricular surface (facing the left thoracic wall) because the tips of the two auricles (small appendages of each atrium) projects on this side along with the paraconal interventricular groove. The opposite surface (facing the right thoracic wall) is called the atrial surface which shows the subsinuosal interventricular groove

Question 3

What is phrenicorepicardial ligament

Answer 3

Pereicardium it’s continuation to the sternum and diaphragm

Question 4

Two tissue layers in pericardium

Answer 4

the visceral pericardium that covers the surface of the heart & the parietal pericardium covering the inner surface of the parietal sac. These two tissue layers are continuous with each other where the vessels enter or leave the heart.

Question 5

What is filled with liquid in the sac

Answer 5

Pericardial cavity-The slender gap between the parietal & visceral surfaces

Question 6

Most of myocardium is located in

Answer 6

in the lower two chambers of the heart called ventricles.

Question 7

What is apex

Answer 7

the tip of the heart or the apex. Only the left ventricle extends all the way to the apex.

Question 8

The turn of the aorta is called

Answer 8

Aortic arch

Question 9

The name of the valve between right atrium and right venrticle

Answer 9

Tricuspid valve

Question 10

How many leaflets tricuspid valve has and how leaflesta re connected to the heart

Answer 10

The valve consists of three leaflets & has long fibers of connective tissue called chordae tendinae that attach it to papillary muscles of the heart.

Question 11

When blood flows to and from right ventricle

Answer 11

during diastole (period when the heart is relaxed). When the heart begins to contract (systole phase), ventricular pressure increases until it is greater than the pressure in the atrium causing the tricuspid to snap closed

Question 12

Name of irregular muscular cords on the inner wall of the chamber

Answer 12

Trabeculae carneae

Question 13

Septum is

Answer 13

This thick muscular wall separates the right & left pumping ventricles from each other.

Question 14

What controls blood flow away from the right ventricle at the entrance to this blood vessel.

Answer 14

the pulmonary semilunar valve

Question 15

the valve that controls blood flow between the upper left atrium and lower left ventricle.

Answer 15

bicuspid or mitral valve.

Question 16

Where can you find a branch that feeds the heart with blood

Answer 16

the holes or aortic sinus in the wall of this major artery. These 2 holes lead into the coronary artery which carries blood to and nourishes the heart muscle itself

Question 17

How many times the heart contracts per minute

Answer 17

70

Question 18

Atria contract while ___

Answer 18

The ventricule relax

Question 19

Electro cardio graph reflects ___

Answer 19

the depolarization progressing from sinoatrial (SA) node through atrial muscles, to atrioventricular (AV) node, bundle of His and Purkinje fibers through ventricular muscles

Question 20

Different parts of ECG intervals

Answer 20

P wave: depolarization of atria
QRS complex: depolarization of ventricles, repolarization of atria
T wave: repolarisation of ventricles
PR segment: AV nodal delay
ST segment: ventricular contraction
TP interval: diastole

Question 21

The length of intervals in ECG

Answer 21

P-R-> 0.12-0.2 sec
Q-R-S-> under 0.1 sec
Q-t- under 0.38 sec

Question 22

The blood pressure is at its highest when

Answer 22

When the heart beats, pumping the blood

Question 23

What is the usual blood pressure

Answer 23

120/80

Systolic over diastolic

Question 24

Pressure change during the day

Answer 24

It is lowest as you sleep and rises when you get up. It also can rise when you are excited, nervous, or
active