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EAS 210 > Lab 4: Metamorphic Rocks > Flashcards

Lab 4: Metamorphic Rocks Flashcards

1
Q

Andalusite

A

cruciform habit (look for a cross)
hardness = 6.5 -7.5

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2
Q

Garnet

A

occurs in well formed 12 sided crystals**
conchoidal fracture**

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3
Q

hardness of garnet

A

7-7.5

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4
Q

Kyanite

A

blue colour**
hardness = 5 parallel to long direction of crystal + 7 across crystal**
blade shaped crystals**

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5
Q

Serpentine

A

(its opaque green but do not say green)
(also asbestos)
greasy texture**
massive or fibrous**

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6
Q

hardness of serpentine

A

3-5

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7
Q

Staurolite

A

prismatic habit**
cross shaped crystal habit**

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8
Q

hardness of staurolite

A

7-7.5

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9
Q

Talc

A

greasy feel**
white, gray, light green
hardness = 1 **

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10
Q

Gneiss foliation

A

foliated
banding

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11
Q

gneiss protolith

A

shale (or felsic igneous rock)

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12
Q

gneiss metamorphic grade

A

high

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13
Q

minerals found in gneiss

A

same minerals as granite and diorite

garnet, staurolite, kyanite, sillimanite

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14
Q

what mineral is NEVER is gneiss

A

muscovite

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15
Q

Marble foliation, properties, minerals

A

non-foliated
reacts with acid
scratched by nail
contains calcite

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16
Q

marble protolith

A

limestone or dolostone

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17
Q

marble metamorphic grade

A

low to high

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18
Q

Phyllite

A

foliated
irregular (wavy) cleavage
silky/satiny lustre

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19
Q

phyllite protolith

A

shale

20
Q

phyllite metamorphic grade

A

low

21
Q

phyllite minerals

A

chlorite

22
Q

Quartzite foliation, properties, minerology

A

non-foliated
not scratched by nail
does not react with acid
contains quartz

23
Q

quartzite protolith

A

quartz sandstone

24
Q

quartzite metamorphic grade

A

medium to high

25
Q

Schist foliation

A

foliated - schistosity + porphyroblasts

26
Q

schist protolith

A

shale

27
Q

schist metamorphic grade

A

low to medium (medium once porphyroblasts appear)

28
Q

schist minerals

A

biotite + porphyroblasts:
garnet, staurolite, andalusite, kyanite

if no porphyroblasts, it is a biotite schist

29
Q

Slate

A

regular cleavage
foliated
non-lusterous

30
Q

slate protolith

A

shale

31
Q

slate metamorphic grade

A

very low

32
Q

slate minerals

A

muscovite or chlorite

33
Q

what do andalusite, sillimanite and kyanite have in common

A

polymorphs

34
Q

metamorphic process of shale

A

slate, phyllite, schist, gneiss

35
Q

how do you determine the metamorphic grade of quartzite and marble

A

fine grained = low metamorphic grade
coarse grained = high metamorphic grade

(the temp and pressure are like water and make the crystals grow)

36
Q

contact metamorphism

A

normally near a volcano causing high temperature and shallow (=low pressure)

37
Q

burial metamorphism

A

low temp and low pressure. Rocks are just underground which results in pressure and higher temp then the surace

38
Q

which kinds of metamorphism resulte in non-foliated rocks

A

burial and contact

39
Q

regional metamorphism

A

rocks are buried deep in the crust. associated with convergent plate boundaries and formation of mountain ranges

high temp, high pressure

40
Q

subduction zone metamorphism

A

takes place at very high pressures and low temperatures at subduction zones

high pressure, low temp

41
Q

hydrothermal metamorphism

A

occurs at mid ocean ridges. Cold water is drawn into the crust and heated as it passes through. Then it is released onto the seaflood near the ridge. This changes the original olivine and pryoxene minerals in the rock to chlorite and serpentine

42
Q

which rocks are shit for estimating metamorphic grade

A

calcite, quartz, feldspars,

43
Q

order from lowest grade to highest grade of metamorphic index minerals

A

chlorite, muscovite, biotite, garnet, staurolite, kyanite, Sillimanite

44
Q

Contact metamorphism results in what kind of rocks

A

Non-foliated rocks

45
Q

Burial metamorphism results in what kind of rock

A

Non foliated

46
Q

Regional metamorphism results in what kind of rock

A

Slates, phyllites, Schists, gneiss

47
Q

Subduction zone metamorphism creates what rocks
(High pressure, low temp)

A

Foliated rocks

EAS 210 (8 decks)

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