L62. Blood Flashcards
What are erythrocytes?
Red blood cells
What are leucocytes?
White blood cells
What are thrombocytes?
Platelets
Name 4 substances present in the plasma.
ECF, water, glucose, plasma proteins
Name 3 plasma proteins.
Albumins
Globulins
Fibrinogen
What does blood volume depend on?
A person’s size
Give rough blood volumes for men and women.
Men - 70ml/kg
Women - 60ml/kg
Give the size of a red blood cell (diameter).
6-8 um.
What is the shape of a red blood cell?
Concave disk
Where are red blood cells formed?
Bone marrow
Give the lifespan of a red blood cell.
120 days
What is erythropoiesis?
production of red blood cells.
What 2 substances does erythropoiesis require?
Folic acid
Iron
Describe the structure of haemoglobin.
Globular protein
2 alpha and 2 beta proteins chains
4 heam groups
Iron reversibly binds
Name 3 granulocytes.
neutrophils
basophils
eosinophils
Name 2 agranulocytes
monocytes
lymphocytes
What are neutrophils involved in?
Acute inflammation
phagocytic
non-specific
What are basophils involved in?
They produce histamine
What are eosinophils involved in?
allergic reactions
What are monocytes involved in?
Antigen presenting
become macrophages
What are lymphocytes involved in?
cell mediated immunity (T) and humoral immunity (antibody-producing B cells)
What are platelets derived from?
Megakaryocytes
Describe how blood groups are determined.
Erythrocytes carry antigens on their membranes with determine blood groups.
AB antigens
Rhesus antigen (Rh)
Which antigen does “Blood group A” carry?
A
Which antigen does “Blood group B” carry?
B
Which antigen does “Blood group AB” carry?
AB
Which antigen does “Blood group O” carry?
-
Which antibodies does “Blood group A” carry?
Anti-B
Which antibodies does “Blood group B” carry?
Anti-A
Which antibodies does “Blood group AB” carry?
-
Which antibodies does “Blood group O” carry?
Anti-A and Anti-B
Which blood type is the universal recipient?
AB
Which blood type is the universal donor?
O
What happens if a Rh- person receives Rh+ blood?
Nothing major
They develop anti-Rh antibodies.
What happens if a Rh- mother has an Rh+ baby?
If the mother gets some Rh+ blood in her, she will develop anti-Rh antibodies.
If she has another Rh+ baby, they will attack the baby’s red blood cells causing haemolytic disease in the baby.
