L6 Cells tissues and organs

Question 1

Define Tissues

Answer 1

Groups of cells with a common structure and function

Question 2

Give 4 catergories of tissues

Answer 2

Epithelium, connective, muscle, nerve

Question 3

What are the 3 muscle types

Answer 3

Cardiac, skeletal, smooth

Question 4

Location, structure, control and power of cardiac muscle

Answer 4

Location: heart
Structure: striated
Control: involuntary
Power: high

Question 5

Location, structure, control and power of skeletal muscle

Answer 5

Location: limbs
Structure: striated
Control: voluntary
Power: high

Question 6

Location, structure, control and power of smooth muscle

Answer 6

Location: gut, blood vessel
Structure: non-striated
Control: involuntary
Power: low

Question 7

What do fibres make up and what are they made of

Answer 7

Muscles are made of bundles of fibres
Fibres are made of myofibrils

Question 8

What are myofibrils made of

Answer 8

repeated units- sarcomeres

Question 9

What are sarcomeres made of

Answer 9

Protein filaments,
Actin (thin filament)
Myosin (thick filament)

Question 10

Revise Muscle contraction diagram and process

Answer 10

:)

Question 11

Revise sliding filament model

Answer 11

:)

Question 12

What does the central nervous system include

Answer 12

Brain and spinal cord

Question 13

What does the peripheral nervous system include

Answer 13

Sensory and motor nerves

Question 14

What is thefunction of nerve tissue

Answer 14

Transmit electrical signals
Interact using chemical signals

Question 15

What do sensory nerves do

Answer 15

sensory nerves from sense organs respond to stimuli

Question 16

What do motor nerves do

Answer 16

Motor nerves to muscles activate contraction

Question 17

Revise nerve structure

Answer 17

:)

Question 18

How is long distance transmission in nerve cells done quickly

Answer 18

Giant axons
Myelination

Question 19

What is myelin

Answer 19

Extra membrane wrapped around axon as insulation

Question 20

What is myelin produced by

Answer 20

accessory cells- Schwann cells in motor neurons

Question 21

How does myelin speed up transmission

Answer 21

By saltatory conduction at Nodes of Ranvier (gaps in myelin sheath)

Question 22

What do myelinated nerves have a concentration of at the nodes of ranvier

Answer 22

Na+ channels

Question 23

What is convergent evolution

Answer 23

Mechanism differs in the details but broad function is the sane

Question 24

What is multiple sclerosis

Answer 24

A degenerative disease that attacks the central nervous system

Question 25

What are the 2 types of synapse

Answer 25

Chemical and electrical

Question 26

What are synapses needed for

Answer 26

integration of information/response
Action potential “transferred” to another cell across synapse

Question 27

When do muscles contract

Answer 27

In response to nerve signals
Communication between moter neuron and muscle cell through neuromuscular junction (chemical synapse)