L7 Cells tissues and organs

Question 1

what are 3 types of protein fibres and features of them

Answer 1

Collagen: strong, non-elastic
Elastic: made of elastin
Reticular: thin and highly branched, reticular fibres serve to join connective tissue to adjacent tissues

Question 2

6 types of general connective tissue

Answer 2

Loose connective tissue
Fibrous connective tissue
Bone
Adipose tissue
Cartilage
Blood

Question 3

Components of blood

Answer 3

Extracellular matrix (plasma)
Platelets
Red blood cells
White blood cells

Question 4

Function of loose connective tissue

Answer 4

Attaches skin to tissues
Forms mesenteries that hold the internal organs in place

Question 5

Important components of loose connective tissue

Answer 5

Fibroblasts
Macrophage cells
3 fibre types (collagen, elastin, reticular)

Question 6

whta type of connective tissue is adipose tissue and what is its function

Answer 6

Type of loose connective tissue
Stores fat (energy store)
Hormones regulate the levels
Protects blood vessels

Question 7

Where is adipose tissue found

Answer 7

Surrounding the organs

Question 8

Benefits to marine mammals of adipose tissue (blubbler)

Answer 8

energy, insulation, buoyancy and protection
Blubber is vascularised tissue

Question 9

Examples of fibrous connective tissue

Answer 9

Tendons and ligaments

Question 10

Function of tendons and ligaments

Answer 10

Tendons attach muscles to bones
Ligaments link joints

Question 11

Fibroblast function

Answer 11

Synthesise extracellular matrix and collagen

Question 12

Cause of osteoarthritis

Answer 12

Loss on chondroitin sulphate from cartilage

Question 13

Cartilage: structure, where it is secreted from and function

Answer 13

Collagen fibres in rubbery matrix of chondroitin sulphate (a protein-carbohydrate complex)
Secreted by chondrocytes
Resists compression (shock absorber)

Question 14

Bone: structure, what it is secreted by

Answer 14

Mineralised-matrtix of collagen fibres impregnated by salts
Secreted by osteoblasts (osteocytes in fully formed bone)

Question 15

Types of bone and function

Answer 15

Compact bone - gives strength and found on outer surfaces of bones
Spongy bone is more delicate - found in centre and end of bones
Osteoclasts and osteoblasts remodel bone through life
Bone marrow is found in centre of bone (red bone marrow (where red blood cells are made, yellow is mostly fat)

Question 16

Do males or females have greater bone density

Answer 16

Males, due to testosterone levels

Question 17

How does etrogen affect bone growth

Answer 17

Encourages osteoblast activity